GENERAL INDEX

Italic numbers indicate illustrations.

• Academic campuses: and domestic life, 549; planning of, 398–99, 450, 548
• Ada County, Idaho, 640
• Adams, Jewett, W. (1835–1904), 20, 61, 198, 200, 205, 653; on FLO, 19
• Addison, Joseph, 396
• Adelaide, Australia: parks in, 429, 432
• Adelberg, Justus, 198, 201
• Agnew, Cornelius Rea, 428
• Albany Evening Journal, 26
• Allegheny Mountains, 491
• Allen, Charles, 435, 438
• Almaden Mine (Spain), 205
• Alphand, Jean-Charles-Adolphe (1817–1891), 379, 431
• Alpine Club (London), 501, 515
• Alvarado, Juan B., 10
• American businessmen: intellectual quality of, 617; political views of, 603–6, 607, 609
• American churches: as agents of civilization, 707–19; compared to English churches, 712
• American cities: relation of social groups in, 731
• American Freedmen’s Aid Union, 37, 48, 439, 440
• American government, 704, 750; com pared to European governments, 747; compared to other governments, 752–53; and rights of private property, 738
• American political system, 730, 746–47
• Americans: endurance of pain by, 755; as small property owners, 751; views of, on republican form of government, 612
• American society, 593, 694; antecedent conditions of, 594; barbarizing and civilizing currents in, 754, 757; characteristics of, 724–25; and children, 740; compared to English society, 689–91, 738, 744, 757–60; compared to European society, 695, 737, 740–41, 745; domestic life in, 550; and gentry, 604; individualism in, 718; loyalty to government, 610; pioneer condition of, 594; and rights of private property, 737–38; role of family in, 739–40; and ruralism, 731–33
• American soldiers: compared to European soldiers, 743
• American Tract Society, 168, 299–300, 302
• Anderson, Robert, 182, 184–85
• [794]
• Anderson, William, 176
• Anderson, William C., 357; leases Olmsteds’ Staten Island farm, 358
• Antioch, Calif., 286, 287, 289
• Apennines, 492
• Arkansas, 184
• Arkwright, Richard, 720
• Arnold, H. P., 641
• Arnold, Matthew, 759, 760; Culture and Anarchy, 760;“My Countrymen,” 760
• Arnold, Thomas, 615, 741, 755
• Arnot, W. D., 118
• Arnott, Mrs., 118
• Ashburner, Emilia Field, 20, 201, 247, 250, 308, 309, 321, 323, 331, 401
• Ashburner, William (1831–1887), 8, 20, 35, 198, 201, 201–2, 218, 247, 250, 251, 289, 297, 298, 308, 309, 317, 392, 400, 438; advises FLO on operation of Mariposa Estate, 14; in Bear Valley, 270; biographical information, 327; education of, 331;“The Gold Mines of California and the Silver Mines of Nevada,” 395; investment in petroleum industry, 325, 326; and purchase of San Francisco city bonds, 393; recommends building a new mill on Mariposa Estate, 19–20; relations of, with FLO, 201; and suppression of FLO’s Yosemite report, 202; as Yosemite commissioner, 23, 513
• Aspinwall (Colón), 78, 79, 81; description of, 80; provisions at, 81
• Aspinwall, William Henry, 79
• Associated Press, 367, 371
• Astor, William Backhouse, 243, 249
• Atlanta, Ga., 260, 489
• Atlantic & Pacific Steamship Company, 78, 191
• Atlantic Monthly, 247
• Auger, Louis A., 645, 653
• Australia, 676, 756
• Australian Gazette, 752, 756
• Avenue de’l Imperatrice (Paris), 422, 424, 430–31
• Avon River (England), 464; compared to Merced River, 247, 250, 472
• Ayers, William Orville (1817–1887), 206, 207, 210, 228, 235, 238
• Babylonians: rural retreat of, 504
• Bache, Alexander Dallas (1806–1867), 259, 260, 351, 352, 369, 372, 741, 755
• Bache, Nancy Fowler, 259, 260
• Bacon, Francis, 551;“Of Gardens,” 571
• Baldwin, Mr. (minister), 176
• Baltimore, Md.: Druid Hill Park, 431; parks in, 428
• Bancroft, George, 311, 314, 669, 670, 679
• Bank of California, 29, 30, 292, 303, 304, 305, 315; demands payment of Mariposa Company debts, 316; and fall of value of greenbacks, 356; and Mariposa Company, 190; receives all bullion produced on Mariposa Estate, 319; stops payments of Company checks, 27–28, 412
• Baptist church, 713, 719
• Barbauld, Anna, 745, 756
• Battersea Park (London), 544
• Baumann, Eugene, 326
• Bavaria, 501; Wittelsbach rulers of, 515
• Beacon Hill Park (Victoria, Canada), 432
• Bear Valley (Calif.), 98, 100, 121, 640; Chinese in, 622; climate of, 112, 123, 155; company store in, 134; condition of life in, 127; description of, 99–100, 121, 127–28, 622–24, 632; gambling in, 729; Indians in, 622; inhabitants of, Ill; Mexicans in, 622; military troops at, 23, 283, 284; petroleum speculation in, 315; recreation in, 136; religion in, 173; scenery of, 112, 139, 166; secessionists in, 610; Southerners in, 729; violence in, 189, 628
• Bear Valley Mill, 118
• Beaver, George Washington, 339; and Buena Vista Vinicultural Society, 337
• Bell, Gerrit W., 544
• Bell (cook), 20, 247, 248, 250, 251, 649–50
• Bellows, Anna Langdon, 167, 170
• Bellows, Eliza Nevins Townsend, 167, 170
• [795]
• Bellows, Francis G., 351, 352
• Bellows, Francis William Greenwood, 323; in San Francisco, 321
• Bellows, Henry Nichols, 141, 142, 170, 302, 303; FLO on, 167; nephew of HWB, 84
• Bellows, Henry Whitney (1814–1882), 4, 49, 62, 65, 84, 141, 159, 162, 168, 169, 170, 176, 182, 211, 309, 323, 351, 352, 384, 388, 439, 445, 705; in Bear Valley, 269; biography of, 48–51; FLO on, 312; in California, 50, 259, 309; on community, 51; on FLO, 8, 18–19, 48–49, 49–50; on individualism, 51; relations of, with FLO, 9, 51, 303; travels of, in the West, 229; visits Mariposa Estate, 236, 238
• Bellows, Russell Nevins, 308, 309
• Belmont, August, 604, 616–17
• Bennett, James Gordon: editor of New York Herald, 223 Benoist, E. (engineer): and report on petroleum in California, 285, 288
• Benton, Thomas Hart, 101, 223
• Benton Mills, 106, 130, 175, 198, 201; and labor strike, 204
• Berkeley, Calif., 457; climate of, 557–58; named for George Berkeley, 410
• Berkeley, George (1685–1753), 410
• Berkeley Neighborhood. See California, College of Bethell, Richard, 681
• Bierstadt, Albert, 250, 489; Valley of the Yosemite, 512
• Billings, Frederick (1823–1890), 11–12, 35, 59, 93, 93–94, 97, 126, 129, 130, 306, 407, 410; and College of California, 411; member of College of California Board of Trustees, 94, 282; member of Mariposa Company Board of Trustees, 94; as owner of Mariposa Estate, 57; owns Mariposa Company stock, 11; and plan for Tacoma, Wash., 450; relations of, with FLO, 94
• Biltmore Estate (Asheville, N.C.), 460
• Blacks, 707, 730; rights of, 721; treatment of, 393, 395–96, 721; violence against, 631, 636–38
• Blackwood’s Magazine, 170, 259, 260
• Blair, Montgomery, 259, 260
• Blake, Henrietta, 331
• Blake, William Phipps, 288, 327, 331–32
• Blatchford, Richard Milford, 384, 388
• Bloody Canyon (Sierra Nevada), 252, 257
• Bloomingdale Asylum (Manhattan, N.Y.), 449
• Bloor, Alfred Janson (1828–1917), 138, 142, 259, 320, 323, 351, 352
• Bois de Boulogne (Paris), 431, 531
• Bois de Vincennes (Paris), 431
• Bonaparte, Charles Louis Napoleon, 379
• Bond, Stephen, 288
• Bondurant, James M.: elected district judge, 123, 125
• Booth, Edwin, 310, 311, 314
• Booth, John Wilkes, 356, 357
• Boston, Mass., 162, 163, 700; and Back Bay, 521, 545; parks in, 428, 431, 460, 545 Boston Evening Post, 641 Boucicault, Dion, 314
• Bower Cave, Calif., 507, 516
• Bowles, Samuel (1826–1878), 36, 382, 435, 437, 438, 442; Across the Continent, 395, 442; health of, 440, 443
• Brace, Charles Loring (1826–1890), 52, 53, 159, 161, 343, 345, 418, 616; relations of, with FLO, 159
• Brace, Joab, 722
• Brace, Letitia Neill, 159, 160
• Brayton, Isaac Henry (c. 1825–1869), 282, 297, 298, 346, 347, 487
• Brengle, Alfred F., 165, 169
• Brevoort House (hotel), 116
• Brewer, William Henry (1828–1910), 21, 23, 248, 251, 270, 345, 434; and California Geological Survey, 257; and California petroleum, 31; FLO on, 257; inspects mines and mills of Mariposa Estate, 271; returns to the East, 272; in Sierra Nevada, 252, 256; visits Olmsted family in Hartford, Conn., 320, 322; visits Sargent’s Ranch, 316
• Bridewell Prison (London), 671
• Bridget (maid), 17, 126, 207
• [796]
• Brink, Leonard, 169
• Bronte, Charlotte, 709, 721
• Brooklyn, N.Y., 295; parks in, 428. See also Prospect Park
• Bross, William, 435, 437, 438
• Brougham, Henry, 502, 515
• Brown Brothers & Company, 219, 418
• Browne, J. Ross: on management of Mariposa Estate, 29
• Brumagim, Mark, 12–13, 234
• Brumagim·Garrison claim: on Mari· posa Estate, 12–13, 26, 234
• Buchanan, James, 622, 650
• Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 346, 347
• Buena Vista Lake, Calif., 288
• Buena Vista Petroleum Company, 288; description of, 285–88
• Buena Vista Vinicultural Society, 31, 332–39, 334
• Bulkley, Charles L., 298
• Bushnell, Horace (1802–1876), 407, 431; Barbarism the First Danger, 202, 207, 577, 720; and College of California, 410–11; writings of, 691
• Bushnell Park (Hartford, Conn.), 431
• Butler, John Hartwell, 175, 176
• Butler, John Simpkins: superintendent of Hartford Retreat for the Insane, 176
• Butler, M. F.: and California state capitol building (Sacramento), 512
• Butterworth, John F., 384, 389
• Butterworth, Mary Amis, 308, 309
• Butterworth, Samuel F., 308, 309, 326
• Cabo Corrientes, 92
• Cabot, Edward Clark, 246, 250
• Calame, Alexandre, 514
• California, 9, 10, 707; and 1864 presidential campaign, 23; absentee ownership in, 526; architecture in, 441–42, 443; business practices in, 121, 140, 700–703; civilization in, 264–65; climate of, 101, 104–5, 122–23, 138–39, 229, 479; and contributions to USSC, 50, 164–65, 512; domestic life in, 550; drought in, 11, 20, 253; elections in, 273–80, 643–44; emigration to, 677; financial practices in, 123; inhabitants of, 166–67, 261, 265, 618–26; labor in, 122, 133; lack of civilization in, 226–27, 262; law enforcement in, 632–43; mining in, 14, 162, 176–77, 216, 261–62; and mining stocks, 241; New Englanders in, 626, 630; petroleum industry in, 31, 54, 58, 285–88, 315, 325, 343, 345, 370; receives Yosemite grant, 22; religion in, 262–64, 645–49; scenery of, 97–98, 122, 161; secessionists in, 264; Southerners in, 166, 630; state legislature of, 466; threat of insurrection in, 23; transient nature of population in, 133, 140, 226–27, 526, 653–56; treatment of blacks in, 393, 631, 636–37; treatment of Chinese in, 393, 633–36; treatment of Indians in, 393, 618, 621, 630, 638–41; treatment of minorities in, 158, 395–96, 721; treatment of strangers in, 742; trees and shrubs of, 282, 479–81, 523, 529, 559; value of investments in, 381; violence in, 127, 394, 628, 630, 652; wages in, 701; wine production in, 31, 332–39
• California, College of, 33–35, 202, 282, 316, 320, 323, 325, 398–400, 435, 455–57, 562–63, 571;approaches to, 564; Board of Trustees, 34, 455; and College Homestead Association, 438, 571; and College Homestead Tract, 34, 398, 400, 564; and“College park,” 438, 571, 572; and creation of surrounding neighborhood, 554; and location of Piedmont Way, 572; and“milk ranch,” 400, 401; and“open-air apartments,” 3, 450, 551–52; place names for, 407–10; plan for, 444; plantings for, 281–82, 456; and pleasure drive from Oakland, 572; position of buildings of, 398–99, 401, 549, 568–70, 573; and public garden, 571; and public park, 573; and Simmons tract, 572; site for, 33–34, 548, 557–58, 565–66; and Strawberry Creek, 407; and treatment of roads, 456; tree cultivation at, 282; use of turf at, 456, 566; use of vegetation at, 566–67
  • —Berkeley Neighborhood, 424, 464, 562–63, 567; attributes of, 554; design [797] of roads for, 560, 561, 565; effect of scenery in, 560; residential lots in, 561–64; use of turf at, 565; plan for, 445
• California, University of (Berkeley, Calif.), 35, 201, 282, 571
• California Art Union, 512
• California Geological Survey, 201, 251, 252, 257, 271, 272, 331; field party of, 248
• California Petroleum Company, 345
• California State Telegraph Company, 122, 125, 192, 217, 218, 219
• California Steam Navigation Company, 190, 192, 216, 218, 219
• California Supreme Court, 15, 191
• California Union party, 23, 24
• Campagna di Roma (Italy), 117, 118
• Campodeloso, Calif., 141, 167
• Cape Colony, Australia, 752
• Carlyle, Thomas, 759, 760; and American society, 744, 755; Latter Day Pamphlets, 761; Sartor Resartus, 699, 720
• Carpentier, Horace Walpole, 339; and Buena Vista Vinicultural Society, 338
• Carr, Samuel W., 280
• Cascade Mountains, 247
• Cemeteries: as communities of the dead, 451; and community, 453, 473–74, 477–78; Cypress Hills (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 474, 487; eastern U.S., 476, 484; in England, 484; Greenwood Cemetery (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 474, 487; Laurel Hill Cemetery (Philadelphia, Pa.), 474, 487; Lone Mountain Cemetery (San Francisco, Calif.), 479, 487, 523, 545; monuments in, 478; and naturalistic style, 476–77; place of landscape design in, 453; plantings in, 479–82; purpose of, 473–74, 477; Spring Grove Cemetery (Cincinnati, Ohio), 474, 487. See also Mountain View Cemetery and names of other individual cemeteries
• Central American Transit Company, 191
• Central Park (N.Y.C.), 4, 92, 156, 209, 211, 282, 294·, 387, 404, 421, 423, 425–26, 429, 430–31, 449, 462, 488, 512, 525; Botanical and Zoological Garden, 361, 363, 365, 375; compared to tropical scenery, 85–86; condition of, 373; design competition for, 181, 389–90; effect of, 528; extension of, to 110th Street, 183, 185, 544; financial value of, 427; FLO’s view of his role on, 147, 148; Greensward plan for, 36, 156, 181, 420, 544, 616; management of, 375; and park keepers, 5, 420; plantings of, 209–10; social value of, 427–28; success of, 528; as work of art, 36, 385, 387–88, 389, 419

• —architectural structures in: Bow Bridge, 361, 364; crypt, 90, 91; Music Pavilion, 431; Restaurant site, 419, 420; rustic arch, 91; terrace, 90
• —areas in: island, 84, 85, 86, 90; Lake, 84, 85, 89, 90, 91; Mall, 85; playgrounds, 85; point, 90; Pond, 422, 424; Ramble, 85, 88, 91, 108, 113, 454–55, 534
• —Board of Commissioners, 147–48, 149, 152, 177, 178, 181, 182, 185, 209, 360–61, 363, 372, 376, 378, 384–85, 415, 544; appoints CV and FLO landscape architects to Central Park, 116; and the Boulevard, 365; and Central Park Improvement Stock, 429; defers construction of Hunt’s gateways, 66, 360, 364; First Annual Report, 211; and Greensward plan, 616; and Manhattan streets north of 155th Street, 365–66; members of, 384, 388–89; reappoints FLO and CV landscape architects, 36, 437; relations of, with FLO, 374; relations of, with FLO and CV, 358–59, 362, 379; Seventh Annual Report, 425–26, 430; statement of aims, 378
• —entrances: Hunt’s Fifth Avenue gateway, 360; Hunt’s gateways, 36, 66, 359–60, 364, 379, 388, 389
• —landscape features: creation of tropical effect of vegetation, 86–87, 89–90, 91, 92; river road, 85. See also CV; FLO

• [798]
• Century (periodical), 467, 468
• Century Association (N.Y.C.), 116, 209, 211, 314, 374
• Century Club (N.Y.C.), 65, 434
• Chagres fever, 82, 84
• Chagres River (Panama), 82, 84
• Chartists, 618
• Chase, Salmon P., 7, 57, 123, 125, 221, 223, 242
• Chesney, Charles C.:“The Last Cam· paign in America,” 345–46
• Chicago, Ill.: parks in, 428, 431–32, 438
• Chicago Sanitary Fair, 320, 322
• Children’s Aid Society (N.Y.C.), 159, 160, 418
• Chinese, 99, 104, 121, 136, 155, 158, 622, 631, 648, 658, 659, 707, 730; description of, 107–8, 111–12, 113, 173, 263; as laborers, 31, 173, 204, 225, 261, 333, 338; and laun· dry business, 140–41, 224; in Mariposa County, 266; neglect of, by Christians, 265–66; treatment of, 263, 393, 394, 395–96, 721; violence against, 633–36; and wages, 197
• Choate, Caroline Dutcher Sterling Hodges, 114, 116
• Choate, Joseph Hodges, 114, 116
• Christ Church-by-the-sea (Panama), 79
• Cities: population in, 731; sources of prosperity, 524
• Citizen’s Gas Company (San Francisco), 219
• Civilization, 748; and“communitiveness,” 51; and community service, 580, 667, 749–50; definition of, 653–68; and effect of religion, 718–19; elements of, 548; and importance of family, 737; measures of, 665; and temperance, 665–67, 668–69
• Civil War, U.S., 9, 54, 165, 241, 242, 258–59, 260, 343, 345, 348, 351, 352, 357–58, 609–10; arts during, 488–89, 511–12; effects of, in California, 23; financing of, 242
• Clark, Galen (1814–1910), 21, 137, 167, 168, 257, 438, 640–41, 652, 739, 755; as“Guardian of the Yosemite Valley and Big Tree Grove,” 170; as Yosemite commissioner, 513
• Clark, John, 288
• Clark’s Ranch, 20, 240, 241, 269, 270, 271, 353, 466; site offirst Yosemite Commission meeting, 514
• Cleaveland, Henry William, 444, 445
• Clergy, 708, 709–10, 712, 716; as agents of civilization, 709; in England, 709
• Clough, Arthur: The Bothie of Toberna-Vuolich, 600, 615
• Cobden, Richard, 603, 616
• Codman, Henry Sargent, 451, 469–70
• Coffman, William F., 280
• Coleman, William T., 326
• Colfax, Schuyler, 36, 435, 437
• Colfax party, 442; members of, 435, 437–38
• Collins, Edward D., 449
• Colorado: landscape architecture in, 470
• “Communitiveness,” 51, 659
• Community, 657, 748; and civilization, 662–63, 664–65, 665–67; definition of, 657–60; importance of service for, 725
• Comstock Lode, Nev., 10, 136
• Coney Island (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 162, 164
• Congregational church, 713
• Connecticut: pioneer condition in, 684
• Conness, John (1821–1909), 653; and Yosemite grant, 512–13
• Cook, Clarence Chatham, 182, 444, 445; denounces Hunt’s gateways, 389; editor of New Path, 185
• Cooley, D. N., 640
• Coon, Henry P., 35, 36, 544
• Cooper Institute (N.Y.C.), 182, 184, 185
• Copernicus, 718
• Copperopolis, Calif.: copper mines in, 272
• Cordilleras, 649
• Comhill Magazine, 672, 675, 687, 744, 755
• Cornishmen: on Mariposa Estate, 173; as miners, 176, 214
• Cotter, Richard D., 248, 251, 272
• Coulter, George W., 438; as Yosemite commissioner, 513
• [799]
• Covent Garden (London), 93, 95
• Crawford, Thomas: and statue Freedom, 488, 511
• Criminals: characteristics of, 676; exported to America, 671–75, 678
• Crippen, Joshua Deputy (Mariposa County sheriff), 292, 294, 303, 305, 315, 319, 636, 651, 653; instructed to seize Mariposa Company stores, 304
• Croton Aqueduct (N.Y.C.), 382
• Croton Reservoir (N.Y.C.), 371, 381
• Cuba, 80, 83, 84, 86
• Cumberland Presbyterian Church, 713, 722
• Cunard line, 72, 78
• Cunningham, Stephen Mandeville, 252, 257
• Curtis, George William, 230, 232
• Cushman, Robert, 679; Reasons and Considerations, 670
• Cypress Hills Cemetery (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 474, 487
• Daily Alta California, 200, 313
• Dale, Thomas, 670, 679
• Dana, Charles Anderson (1819–1897), 52–53; recommends FLO as manager of Mariposa Estate, 6
• Dana, James Dwight, 256, 257
• Dana, Richard Henry; visits Fremont’s Mansion, 113
• Daniels, Howard, 181–82, 326
• Darby, John Fletcher, 429, 432
• Davis, Alexander Jackson, 326
• Davis, J. H.: store owner, 232, 234
• Deering, Alexander (1833–1875), 267, 268–69, 304, 305, 394, 396, 635, 651; as Yosemite commissioner, 513
• Defoe, Daniel: Moll Flanders, 673, 678, 680
• Delane, John, 609, 614
• Delavigne, Jean: Louis XI, 314
• Delaware: pioneer condition in, 684
• De Lesseps Canal Company, 63
• Democratic party, 23, 260, 277; Chicago platform, 278, 280; nominates McClellan for president, 258
• Derbyshire, England, 671
• Dickens, Charles, 598, 614; David Cop perfield, 755; Dombey and Son, 614; Great Expectations, 680, 755; Pickwick Papers, 267; writings of, 722, 741
• Dillon, Robert James, 147, 156
• Dix & Edwards (publisher), 156
• Dodge, Henry Lee, 28, 61, 62, 309
• Dodge, Luther C., 28, 308, 309
• Dodge Brothers, 28, 292, 309; assumes Mariposa Estate’s debts, 355–56; leases Mariposa Estate, 413–14; as Mariposa Company commercial agent, 294; pays back wages to Mariposa Estate miners, 28–29; releases FLO from duties on Mariposa Estate, 30
• Donohoe, Joseph A., 190; trustee of San Francisco Gas Company, 218
• Donohoe, Ralston and Company, 186, 187, 190, 218, 219
• Douglas, John Hancock, 351, 352
• Douglas, Robert, 458, 460
• Douglas, Thomas H., 458
• Downing, Andrew Jackson (1815–1852), 64, 155, 185, 249, 390, 445, 505–6, 515
• Doyle, John T., 59
• Draper, John William: A History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, 674, 681
• Dred Scott case, 652
• Druid Hill Park (Baltimore, Md.), 182, 431
• Dugdale, Edward, 29, 62
• Dusy, Frank, 288
• Dusy oil springs, 286, 288
• Dyer, Joseph Chessborough, 231
• Ecclesiasticus, 480, 488
• Edgerton, Henry, 267, 268
• Edgeworth, Maria, 745, 756
• Edinburgh Review, 709, 721
• Edmunds, James M., 164; and report on gold in the West, 162
• Education: in America, 700, 741
• Eidlitz, Leopold, 246, 249–50
• El Capitan, 21, 106
• El Cerrito (Howard’s Mound), 322, 323
• Eliot, Charles, 451
• Elliott, Charles Wyllys: New England History, 676, 681
• [800]
• Emigrants, 724, 748; adaptation of, to frontier, 693–98; advance of, toward civilization, 730–31; characteristics of, 706–7, 742; in cities, 731; colonial, 691; and conditions of ship travel, 682–83; criminals among, 671–78; effect of frontier on, 692–93; effect of pioneer condition on, 683–88; employment of, on the frontier, 693–94, 696–97; involuntary, 671; lack of civilization among, 677, 678–79, 691; of poorer classes, 669, 670; voluntary, 669–70
• Emigrant Trail (southwestern), 98
• Emma Mine (Utah), 62–63, 119, 135
• England, 504, 525, 752; aristocracy of, 599–601, 605–6, 615; crime in, 674; domestic life in, 550; estates in, 550; House of Commons, 371; imprisonment in, 674; influence of feudalism on, 728; and lack of civilization, 727–28; planning of country estates in, 551; public schools in, 741; and response to U.S. Civil War, 368; rural recreation in, 502; scenery of, 464, 472; Turnpike riots in, 723, 754
• England, Church of, 710–11, 721–22
• English Garden (Munich), 515
• English gentry: level of civilization of, 677, 681
• English society, 738, 744, 745; attitude of, toward government, 723; characteristics of, 742–43; class relations in, 624, 692, 741–43; lack of loyalty to government in, 608–9; level of civilization of, 728; lower classes of, 728
• Errington, Harriet (1812–1896), 17, 18, 20, 114, 128, 207, 247, 250, 251, 270, 324, 472; finds fossils on Mariposa Estate, 271–72; as governess to the Olmsted children, 116
• European society: aristocracy of, 504; children in, 741; upper classes in, 749
• European travelers and commentators, 593, 596, 598–99, 602–3, 609, 736, 758–59, 761–62; on Americans, 611–12; on American society, 603–5; on failure of democracy, 598–99, 601, 602, 609, 610–11;on loyalty among Americans, 606–7; misconceptions of, regarding Americans, 577–79
• Fairmount Park (Philadelphia, Pa.), 431
• Farallon Islands, 308, 309
• Farlee, George W., 25, 26, 195, 201, 237, 238, 306, 418
• Federal government: responsibility of, for preservation of scenery, 505; role of, in education, 368–69; role of, in enforcing civil rights, 393
• Federal Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.), 488
• Field, Alfred T., 306, 472
• Field, Charlotte, 472
• Field, Cyrus W., 298, 331
• Field, David Dudley, 26, 52, 53, 331, 368, 371; as legal counsel to the Mariposa Company, 8
• Field, Stephen Johnson, 8, 61, 331, 400, 401
• Fields, Thomas Craig, 384, 388
• Fine arts: in colonial New England, 692; role of, in American society, 718
• First Unitarian Church (San Francisco), 18, 50, 347, 348, 352, 355
• Fischer, W. L., 85, 92
• Fitch, George K.:“A Public Park and Pleasure Grounds Needed for San Francisco,” 430
• Florida: landscape architecture for, 470; and Seminole Indians, 688
• Forrest, Edwin, 311, 314
• Fort Boise, Idaho, 639
• Fortieth Parallel Survey, 21
• France: political system of, 705
• Franciscans, 338
• Freedmen’s Bureau, 367, 371, 442
• Free Masons, 631, 651, 726
• Free Will Baptist Church, 713, 722
• Fremont, Jessie Benton (1824–1902), 105, 113, 117, 118; on Chinese, 113
• Fremont, John Charles (1813–1880), 6, 8, 12, 26, 27, 60, 94, 124, 200, 201, 219, 220, 222–23, 416; builds Oso House, 101; creditors of, 59; [801] FLO on, 220–21, 237; and incorporation of Mariposa Company, 395; as manager of Mariposa Estate, 7, 15, 113, 197, 279; on Mariposa Company Board of Trustees, 6–7; names Golden Gate, 11; outstanding debt of, 12; as owner of Mariposa Estate, 57; purchases Mariposa Estate, 10; reputation of, 122, 223; reputation of, in California, 23, 220–21, 237, 238; and title to Mariposa Estate, 15
• Fremont’s camp (Mt Bullion), 113, 117, 251; spring at, 371
• Fremont’s Mansion (Bear Valley, Calif.), 113
• French army, 372
• French Camp (Calif.), 291, 292
• Frenchmen: endurance of pain by, 755
• Fresno City, Calif, 286, 287, 288
• Fresno County, Calif, 273
• Fresno Grove (Calif), 21
• Frontier: alliances on, 632, 725–26; barbarizing effect of, 698, 699–700; and“Bohemianism,” 733–34; characteristics of farmers on, 733; churches on, 712; and civilization, 723–24; and commercial value of“brain-value,” 702–3; and community, 699; and conservative qualities, 733; demand for“brain-value,” 700–701; effect of, 4, 657, 684; effect of slavery on, 706; and emigrants, 577; fire companies on, 727; government on, 723; importance of family on, 739; individualism on, 632–33, 725, 749; influence of, on American society, 683–84; influence of, on society of American South, 707; labor on, 696–97; lack of civilization on, 625–26, 637–38, 751; lack of community on, 631, 637–38, 656; lack of prudent men on, 703; lack of religion on, 645–46; and lack of scholarship, 703–4; and lack of service, 749; lack of social classes on, 625–26; lack of talented men on, 705; law on, 627, 629, 632–33; and lynch law, 627; in New England, 691; partisanship on, 660; religion on, 713, 727; secret organizations on, 631–32; settlement patterns on, 732–33, 734–36; social standards on, 651; and tendency toward“slipshod,” 626–27, 697, 706; transient nature of population on, 656; treatment of minorities on, 707; view of law on, 641–43; violence on, 628–31, 635–37, 639, 685–86, 728–30; voluntary organizations on, 726–27
• Frontiersmen: characteristics of, 624; description of, 619–21, 622_ See also Pioneers
• Fry, John D., 292, 293, 294, 303, 305
• Gantt, Edward W, 182, 184, 208
• Gardening: as art, 551; English, 474–75; in France, 475; in Germany, 475; in New York, 475; in North Atlantic States, 475
• Gardens: Babylonian, 515; Hebrew, 515; Persian, 515
• Gardner (or Gardiner), James Terry (1842–1912), 21, 185, 248, 251, 269, 272, 298; education of, 328, 332; surveys Yosemite grant, 22, 270, 271, 513–14
• Gardner, Moses, 169
• Garnett, Louis A, 218, 219
• Garretson, J. C, 356, 358
• Garretty, ML (builder), 111
• Garrison, Cornelius K, 12, 234
• Garroting, 672, 680
• Gaskell, Elizabeth: A Dark Night’s Work, 599–600, 615
• Gates, Thomas, 670, 679
• Georgia, 673; landscape architecture for, 470
• Germans, 108, 658, 659
• Gibbs, George, 221, 223
• Gibbs, Oliver Wolcott (1822–1908), 21, 221, 223, 236, 256, 257, 369, 372
• Gilman, Daniel Coit, 35, 457
• Godkin, Edwin Lawrence (1831–1902), 4, 16–17, 25, 27, 30, 52, 116, 153, 157, 162, 163, 179, 181, 189, 213, 215, 218, 307, 314, 417, 439, 440, 582;“Aristocratic Opinions of Democracy,” 55, 344, 579; biography of, 51–56; on class representa tion in government, 318, 319–20; [802] on democracy in New England, 344; on de Tocqueville, 344; and English reaction to U.S. Civil War, 371; on influence of frontier on civilization, 54–55; and Mariposa Company, 371; and Nation, 55, 241–42, 395; purchases New York Evening Post, 56; relations of, with FLO, 53, 56, 161, 371; urges FLO to stay in California, 371; as war correspondent, 54; and weekly newspaper, 161, 162; writings of, 341
• Godkin, Frances Elizabeth Foote, 52, 162, 164, 213
• Godkin, Lawrence, 241, 242
• Godwin, George: Another Blow for Life, 674, 681
• Godwin, Parke, 153, 157, 179, 181
• Golden Gate (San Francisco Bay), 11, 398
• Golden Gate Park (San Francisco, Calif.), 462, 545; design of, 464
• Gorman, John, 97
• Government, 752; American views on republican form of, 607; effect of pioneer condition on, 704–5, 748–49; European systems of, 748–49; in France, 705; and lack of discipline, 705; purpose of, 750–51; representative principles in, 704–5
• Grady, Joseph B. F.: clerk for Mason Brothers, 231, 232
• Grahame, James: History of the United States of North America, 679 Grandvoinet, 1. Antoine, 141, 142, 624, 650–51, 694, 720
• Grant, Ulysses S., 223, 241, 242, 259, 260, 346, 347, 368, 489;corruption during administration of, 762–63
• Grant, William Harrison, 361, 364
• Grass Valley, Nev., 14, 175, 176–77; goldmining in, 135
• Gray, Asa, 514
• Great Plains, 9–10
• Greeks: and burial of the dead, 480
• Greeley, Horace, 6; visits Fremont’s Mansion, 113
• Green, Andrew Haswell (1820–1903), 9, 66, 91, 92, 151, 157, 183, 185, 210, 306, 307, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 372, 375–76, 378, 384, 385, 388, 389, 402, 403, 404, 419;and control of Board of Commissioners of Central Park, 389
• Green Gulch Mine, 104, 192–93, 197; and labor strike, 204, 205
• Greenwood Cemetery (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 295, 474, 487
• Grey town (San Juan del Norte), Nicaragua, 444
• Grinnell, Moses Hicks, 360, 364, 384, 388
• “Grizzly Giant,”Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 492, 514
• Guadaloupe Mine, 201
• Guardian (periodical), 394, 396
• Guizot, Francois, 595, 613, 677, 709;“First Lecture on the History of Civilization,” 595
• Haight, Edward, 413, 418
• Haight, Henry H., 297, 298, 309
• Hall, Basil, 606; Travels in North America, 607, 617
• Hall, Hiland, 60
• Hall, William Hammond, 464; and Golden Gate Park, 401, 462, 463
• Hallett, William T., 246, 249
• Hamilton, James Alexander, 159
• Hamilton, Mary Morris, 189, 191
• Hammond, James Henry, 759; and“King Cotton Speech,” 760–61
• Hammond, William Alexander, 351, 353
• Hancock, Winfield Scott, 346, 347
• Haraszthy, Agoston, 31, 338
• Harding, John Wheeler, 266
• Hartford, Conn_: Bushnell Park, 431; parks in, 428
• Hartford Retreat for the Insane (Hartford, Conn.), 176, 449
• Haskell, Llewellyn S., 326
• Haussmann, Georges-Eugene, 431
• Hayes, Rutherford B., 353
• Hebrews: rural retreat of, 480, 504
• Heenan, John, 689
• Heenan-King fight, 687
• Hendricks, John W., 280
• Hewatt, Alexander: An Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of [803]the Colonies of South Carolina and Georgia, 673, 680
• Higgins, Sarah Turner, 356, 358
• Hill, Thomas, 434
• Hillside Cemetery (Middletown, N.Y.), 449, 470
• Hite, John Richard, 274, 279
• Hittell, John Shertzer, 175, 176
• Hockanum River (Conn.): compared to Merced River, 247, 250
• Hoffmann, Charles Frederick, 270, 272
• Hoge, Jane Currie Blaikie, 320, 322, 323
• Holden, Erastus: as Yosemite commissioner, 513
• Home Journal, 209, 211
• Home Missionary Society, 691
• Horace (Roman poet), 480, 488
• Howard, George Henry (1826–1878), 323; and Buena Vista Vinicultural Society, 337; and estate Rancho San Mateo, 320, 323, 470; incorporator of Bank of California, 323
• Howard, William D. M., 323
• Howard House (hotel), 81
• Howitt, William: Land, Labour and Gold, or Two Years in Victoria, 697, 720, 752, 753
• Howland, Eliza Newton Woolsey, 351, 352
• Howland and Aspinwall (firm), 78, 79
• Hoy, James (1810–1871), 6–8, 25, 26, 58, 62, 119, 130, 135, 195, 217, 305, 306, 307, 313–14, 316, 368, 370, 380, 382, 416; and incorporation of Mariposa Company, 395; on Mariposa Company Board of Trustees, 6–7; president of Mariposa Company, 8, 123, 414; on stability of Mariposa Company, 306, 411
• Huguenots, 671
• Hunt, Richard Morris: and Central Park gateways, 36, 66, 359–60, 359, 378, 379, 388, 389; member of Century Association, 211
• Hutchins, Waldo, 384, 389
• Hyde, William B., 297, 298; education of, 328, 332
• Hyde Park (London), 425, 430
• Illinois, 707, 721
• India, 752
• Indiana, 707, 721
• Indians, 618–19, 621, 622, 631, 649, 730; description of, 240, 657–58, 660–62, 685; Diggers, 104, 112, 155, 158, 173–74; Eastern Miwoks, 112, 649, 650; location of, in eastern U.S., 684; relations of, with whites, 619, 686–87; Seminoles, 688; treatment of, 393, 395–96, 721; tribal gathering of, 649–50; violence against, 618–19, 630–31, 638, 639–41, 685–86, 687–88
• International Order of Odd Fellows, 631, 651, 726
• Ireland, 504, 752
• Irish, 730, 753–54, 755
• Italians, 730; in Bear Valley, 127; on Mariposa Estate, 173
• James, Charles (1817–1901), 24, 196, 198–99, 200, 201, 705
• James I (King of England), 679
• Jamestown Colony, 679
• Jenkins, John Foster (1826–1882), 138, 142, 214, 215, 235, 237, 351, 369, 372
• Johnson, Andrew, 358; as president, 354, 380
• Johnson, Robert Underwood, 467;“The Care of the Yosemite Valley,” 468
• Johnson, Samuel, 396
• Johnston, Joseph, 357
• Jones, Lewis Fuller, 108, 113, 172, 176, 267, 268–69, 633–35, 651; elected county judge, 123, 125
• Jones, Sarah Allen, 172, 176
• Josephine Mine, 15, 106, 130, 135, 192, 201
• Kapp, Friedrich, 23, 222, 223
• Kapp, Louise Engels, 221, 224
• Kean, Charles, 308, 309, 314; FLO on, 312
• Kean, Ellen, 308, 309, 314; FLO on, 312
• Kern County, Calif.: petroleum in, 288
• Ketchum, Edward B., 438; charged with embezzlement, 58; and incorporation [804] of Mariposa Company, 395
• Ketchum, Morris (1796–1880), 7, 8, 13, 25, 26, 30, 94, 200, 306, 416, 438; biography of, 57–60; description of, 58–59; and incorporation of Mariposa Company, 395; and manganese mine, 284; on Mariposa Company Board of Trustees, 6–7; member of Loyal National League of Union Citizens, 57; oversees FLO’s investments, 307, 382; relations of, with FLO, 57–58, 59, 135, 306, 411
• Ketchum, Son & Company, 7, 57, 58, 289, 332; and Edward Ketchum’s embezzlement of funds, 437, 438
• King, Clarence (1842–1901), 21, 185, 248, 250, 251, 272, 298;“Around Yosemite Walls,” 514; Brewer on, 251; education of, 328, 332; member of State Geological Survey, 248; on Pikes, 125; surveys Mariposa Estate, 251; surveys Yosemite grant, 22, 270, 271, 466, 513–14
• King, Julia Wiggin, 93, 94
• King, Thomas Starr (1824–1864), 18, 93, 94, 164, 168, 169, 201, 226, 227, 262, 266, 347, 352; death of, 50, 229; FLO on, 227–28, 264
• King, Tom, 689
• Kingsbury, Frederick J., 616
• Kip, William Ingraham, 264, 267
• Kirkham, Ralph W., 346, 487; president of Mountain View Cemetery Board of Trustees, 347
• Knapp, Frederick Newman (1821–1899), 17, 25, 138, 162, 225, 230, 260, 351, 352, 370, 745; and collation of social statistics, 581, 582; and cottage in Walpole, N.H., 110, 114; on future of U.S. after Civil War, 259; health of, 139, 142; relations of, with FLO, 141, 142; and USSC, 141, 259
• Knapp, Lucia Alden Bradford, 138, 353
• Knights Templars, 631
• Lafayette Park (St. Louis, Mo.), 432
• Laguna Mercedes, 542, 546
• Landscape architect: definition of, 373–74
• Landscape design: curvilinear elements of, 475–76; and process of preparing plans, 478; in semiarid regions, 451. See also Semiarid landscape design
• Landscape styles, 474–75; comparison of informal and formal, 476; naturalistic, 326, 476; pastoral, 454, 465, 469; picturesque, 84, 422
• Lane, Ralph, 670, 679
• Las Mariposas grant, 15
• Laurel Hill Cemetery (Philadelphia, Pa.), 474, 487
• Lawrence, James Henry, 24, 275, 277; as editor of Mariposa Free Press, 258, 274, 279
• Leamington, Warwickshire, 472
• Lee, Robert E.: surrender of, 351
• Leech, John, 443
• Leland Stanford, Jr., University (Palo Alto, Calif.), 201, 451, 457–60, 459; arboretum at, 460; plant materials for, 471
• Le Maudit (novel), 709, 721
• Letterman, Jonathan, 351, 353
• Leutze, Emanuel: Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way, 488, 512
• Lever, Charies, 753; Barrington, 678, 682; Charles O’Mailey, 756
• Lincoln, Abraham, 23, 25, 77, 123, 155, 158, 184, 221, 222, 260, 488, 593, 605; assassination of, 353, 355, 379; funeral services for, 357; as presidential candidate, 277–78; public reaction to assassination of, 356, 380
• Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.), 431–32
• Littell, Eliakim, 177
• Littell’s Living Age, 175, 396, 694, 720, 721
• Livermore, Mary, 322
• Llewellyn Park (West Orange, N.J.), 325, 326, 422, 424; Ramble in, 326
• London, 700; garroting in, 680; parks in, 428, 431, 544 London Morning Chronicle, 720–21
• [805]
• Lone Mountain (San Francisco, Calif.), 524
• Lone Mountain Cemetery (San Francisco, Calif.), 479, 487, 523, 545
• Long Branch, N.J. (seaside suburb), 418
• Lookout Mountain (Golden, Colo.), 452
• Loundon, John C.: Encyclopaedia of Gardening, 515
• Lovejoy, Josiah Otis, 270, 271, 274, 279; and Buena Vista Petroleum Company, 287, 288
• Lovejoy & Company (saw mill), 270, 271
• Low, Charles L., 219, 308, 309, 381, 383
• Low, Frederick F. (governor of California), 22, 23, 35, 202, 219, 258, 273, 516; appoints Yosemite commissioners, 513; proclamation of, forbidding destruction of trees in Yosemite grant, 507; and Yosemite grant, 489–90
• Low, Mollie Creed, 308, 309
• Lowell, James Russell, 342; on democracy in New England, 344
• Lower Agua Fria, Calif., 107
• Loyal League Club, 221
• Loyal National League of Union Citizens, 57, 223
• Loyal Publication Society, 223, 300, 302
• Loyalty, 609; among Americans, 606–7; among Union soldiers, 578; definition of, 610
• Ludlow, Fitz-Hugh:“Seven Weeks in the Great Yo-Semite,” 247, 250
• Lyell, Charles, 257, 598, 614
• Lyon, Caleb, 639, 652
• Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 681; History of England, 670–71, 677, 679, 681
• McCagg, Ezra Butler, 432
• McClellan, George Brinton, 23, 25, 256, 260, 267; FLO on, 280; as presidential candidate, 258, 277–78
• McCoppin, Frank, 544
• MacCrellish, Frederick, 437
• McCullough, John Griffith, 24, 273
• McDonald, Alexander, 169
• McDowell, Helen Burden, 308, 309
• McDowell, Irvin, 23, 309, 312, 346–47; commanding Department of the Pacific, 258, 284
• McEntee, Gertrude, 155, 157, 326
• McEntee, Jervis, 155, 157, 326
• MacGall, James, 326
• Mackay, Charles, 79
• McKim, James Miller, 55, 440
• McKittrick, 288
• McLaren, John: and Golden Gate Park, 464
• McLean, Edward, 308, 309
• Malaria, 84. See also Chagres fever Manhattan Square (N.Y.C.), 365; and zoological garden, 430
• Margaret (servant), 221
• Mariposa, Calif., 109, 110, 232, 234, 269, 271, 651; church at, 653; description of, 108–9
• Mariposa Battalion, 516
• Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 21, 22, 137, 170, 240, 241, 269, 270, 271, 320, 323, 355, 464–68, 489, 513;description of, 136–37, 491–92
• Mariposa Company, 11, 53, 123, 137, 190, 195, 201, 320, 366, 417, 418; formation of, 94; incorporation of, 123, 395; location of central office of, 242; and purchase of Mariposa Estate, 57, 60, 186, 196; and purchase of stores, 232–34, 237; reorganization of, 380; reputation of, 27; sues Dodge Brothers for mismanagement, 30; and title to Mariposa Estate, 12; viewed as“Great Wall Street swindle,” 28, 196, 293, 390, 392

• —Board of Trustees, 133–34, 368, 370, 413; and canal project, 25, 192; contract of, with FLO, 8; hires FLO to manage Mariposa Estate, 6; members of, 6–7, 411, 416; on profitability of Mariposa Estate, 12; relations of, with FLO, 5, 20, 25, 29, 50, 234, 306, 310, 313–14, 350, 411–12, 414
• —finances, 13, 28–29, 303, 342, 355–56, 415; Brumagim-Garrison claim, 12–13, 26, 234; and debts to Bank of California, 27–28; financial [806] failure, 3–4, 25, 27, 202, 291, 292, 293, 298, 299, 303–5, 307, 308, 310, 315, 316, 31, 324, 350, 352, 655, 668; value of stock, 27, 58, 304, 305, 310, 314, 421, 424

• Mariposa County, Calif., 25, 108, 191, 200; board of supervisors of, 275, 280; crime in, 633–37; Demo· cratic party in, 279; description of, 654–55; and 1864 presidential campaign, 24, 199, 267, 273–80; election fraud in, 643–44; in· creases Mariposa Estate tax as· sessments, 25–26; inhabitants of, 268; law in, 651; politics in, 267–69, 270, 272, 273–79, 279–80, 643–44; population of, 266; Prot· estant ministers in, 646–47; relig· ion in, 645–48; secessionists in, 23, 267, 272, 274, 279, 283, 643–44, 729; threat of insurrection in, 272, 273, 276; Union party in, 279; violence in, 635–36
• Mariposa Estate, 1, 57, 93, 101–2, 136, 219, 288, 366, 515, 729; agriculture on, 108; boarding houses of, 16; and company stores, 16, 123; condition of, 125–26, 130, 133; description of, 6, 104–8, 119–20; development of, 202; diversity of enterprises on, 120–21; failure of, 413; financial practices on, 123; history of, 10, 15; inhabitants of, 189; lack of civilization on, 140, 166; lack of telegraph on, 10; lack of water on, 14, 101, 109, 136, 140; lawsuit against, 12–13; leased to Dodge Brothers, 29–30, 413–14; management of, 130, 140; neglect of, 119; photographs of, 124; and railroad, 106, 113; reading room on, 53, 213–15, 756; and rumors of fraud, 200; sale of, 93–94, 199–200; scenery of, 105–7; secessionists on, 123, 166, 204, 256; Silliman’s report on, 238; and stores, 16; timber cutting on, 128; topographyof, 165

• —finances, 13–14, 25, 27, 134, 140, 186, 196–97, 222, 241, 293, 391, 418; assets, 190, 293; attachment of property for payment of Mariposa Company debts, 303, 305–6, 412; increased tax assessments, 25–26, 275–76, 280; payment of laborers, 319; profitability, 8, 11–12, 119–20, 123, 126, 132, 200; seizure of company stores, 28, 304; sheriffs sale, 28, 355–56, 413; value of stock, 128–29, 222
• —labor force, 15, 133, 134, 140; and boarding houses, 193, 194, 195; Chinese, 107–8, 173, 197, 204, 225; Cornish miners, 176, 214; and need for laundry machines, 224–25; and reading room, 240; strike of, 15–16, 194–95, 197–98, 202–6; unrest of, 310, 318, 319; and wages, 15, 126, 155, 193, 194, 197, 205–6; and work stoppage, 28, 204–5, 305–6, 313, 314–15
• —mines and mills, 13–14, 19–20, 104, 271; Benton Mills, 130, 198, 201, 204; Green Gulch Mine, 192–93, 197, 204, 205; Guadaloupe Mine, 201; Josephine Mine, 15, 130, 131, 135, 192, 201; Mariposa Mill, 20, 242, 253; Mariposa Mine, 19, 20, 25, 190–91, 201, 202, 203, 204, 304; Mt. Ophir Mill, 192, 193; Mt. Ophir Mine, 192, 193; Pine Tree Mine, 15, 130, 131, 135, 192, 197, 201, 202, 204, 319; Princeton Mill, 8; Princeton Mine, 12, 13, 15, 25, 27, 120, 130, 132, 135, 190, 192, 193–94, 196, 197, 202–3, 204, 205, 332. See also names of individual mills and mines
• —mining, 104, 120–21, 135, 192–93, 198, 201, 206–7, 262; description of, 188; and gold, 15, 109–10, 293; placer mining, 123

• Mariposa Free Press, 24, 258, 275; on FLO, 279 Mariposa Gazette, 24, 268
• Mariposa Mill, 20, 242, 253
• Mariposa Mine, 20, 190–91, 201; decrease in gold production at, 25; expense of maintaining, 19; and labor strike, 202–4; work stoppage at, 304
• [807]
• Mariposa Union Club, 269
• Martin, Howard A., 14, 19, 80, 84, 112, 136, 141, 167, 186, 191, 317, 318, 414, 415; and investments in California stocks, 218, 288; relations of, with FLO, 142
• Maryland, 671; criminals exported to, 679; pioneer condition in, 684
• Mason Brothers (N.Y.C. publishers), 231
• Massachusetts: pioneer condition in, 684
• May, Abigail Williams, 351, 352
• Mayhew, Henry: London Labour and London Poor, 659, 668
• Meader, Charles T., 400, 401
• Mediterranean: as source for California landscape design, 451
• Melbourne, Australia, 753; parks in, 429, 432
• Merced County, Calif., 273
• Merced River, Ill, 247, 250; description of valley of, 117
• Merrill, Mr. (minister), 713–16
• Merritt, Samuel A., 163
• Meta (servant), 250
• Methodist church, 722
• Methodist Episcopal Church, North, 173, 176, 263
• Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 173, 176, 263
• Mexicans, 158, 622, 631, 707, 730; treatment of, 721; violence against, 631
• Miel, Charles, 370, 372
• Mill, John Stuart, 601, 615–16; Considerations on Representative Government, 615; On Liberty, 299, 615; Principles of Political Economy, 357, 358, 615
• Millbrae (Darius Ogden Mills estate): FLO names, 410
• Miller, Edward C., 33, 297, 299, 307, 316, 317, 399, 400, 444, 572; surveys College of California property, 320, 323, 398; surveys Mountain View Cemetery property, 318, 325, 398, 401; and work on College of California, 456
• Miller, Robert S., 24, 26, 61, 129, 198, 200, 280
• Mills, Darius Ogden, 30, 31, 190, 294, 304, 305, 308, 380, 382; estate of, 323, 470
• Mills, Jane T. Cunningham, 308, 309
• Mills, Robert: and Federal Treasury Building, 512
• Mining, 201; and“clean-up,” 191; gold, 135; hydraulic, 113–14; and“melting,” 195; placer, 124, 261; and“salting,” 200
• Ministers, 708, 709–10, 712, 716; as agents of civilization, 709
• Minturn, Robert B., 115, 116
• Missouri, 663
• Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis), 431
• Monell, John J., 183, 185
• Mono Pass, Calif., 21, 252, 257
• Mormon Bar, Calif. (Chinese village), 113
• Mormons: in Mariposa County, 648
• Morrill Land Grant Act, 35
• Morse, Sidney E., Jr., 345
• Mountain View Cemetery (Oakland, Calif.), 33, 258, 259, 298, 316, 325, 451, 452–55, 485, 564, 572; approaches to, 482; avenues in, 484; basis of organization of, 479; Board of Trustees, 486; chapel in, 484; Chinese in, 484; and Jewish funerals, 482; landscape style of, 454, 455; legislation authorizing, 473; plan for, 444, 483; plantings in, 454, 479–82, 484–86; and Protestant chapel, 482; Protestant division in, 486; purpose of, 473–74; and Roman Catholic cemetery, 482; and sense of community, 453. See also FLO, landscape design projects
• Mountain View Cemetery Association, 33, 202, 282, 298, 398, 487; Board of Trustees, 546; organization of, 487
• Mt. Bullion, Calif., 20, 99, 105, 113, 117, 175, 251, 391; named for Thomas Hart Benton, 101
• Mt. Dana, Calif., 252, 256; named for James Dwight Dana, 257
• Mt. Gibbs, Calif., 256, 257, 514; named for Oliver Wolcott Gibbs, 410
• [808]
• Mt. Lyell, Calif., 256; named for Charles Lyell, 257
• Mt. Sion (biblical), 480
• Mt. Starr King, Calif., 499
• Mt. Whitney, 251
• Mt. Ophir, Calif., 112
• Mt. Ophir Mill, 104, 188, 193
• Mt. Ophir Mine, 192, 193
• Mudie, Charles, 300–301, 303
• Mudie’s Library, 300–301, 303
• Muir, John, 467
• Muller, Franz, 687, 689
• Munich, 501, 515
• Nahant, Mass., 481, 488
• Nash, John, 544
• Nation (periodical), 3, 37, 52, 53, 55, 162, 242, 347, 391, 393, 395, 403, 418, 439, 440, 582; funds for, 371
• National Academy of Design, 66, 385, 389, 488, 512; and exhibition of Hunt’s gateways, 360, 379
• National Union party, 268
• Nava, J. P., 263, 267
• New Almaden Mine, Calif., 205; wages at, 203
• Newberry, John Strong, 306, 307
• New England, 675–76, 684, 691, 726, 748; democracy in, 341
• New England Emigrant Aid Society, 442
• New Englanders: effect of frontier on, 640–41
• Newgate Prison (London), 673, 678
• New Haven, Conn.: parks in, 428; park site for, 185, 431
• New Jersey: pioneer condition in, 684
• New London, Conn.: memorial park in, 470
• New Path (periodical), 182, 185, 208
• Newport, R.I., 481
• New York Citizen (periodical), 242
• New York City:“Boulevard”in, 361, 363, 365, 375, 431; and Central Park, 429; draft riots in, 223, 753, 756; government in, 319, 705;“Promenade”in, 427, 430–31; public institutions in, 525; and public pleasure drives, 521; street system of, 449, 450
• New-York Daily Tribune, 215, 389
• New York Evening Post, 116, 157, 181, 310, 312, 314, 318, 319, 359, 364, 365, 374, 380
• New York Herald, 219, 223, 301, 303, 319
• New York Independent (Congregational weekly), 345
• New York Observer (Presbyterian weekly), 345
• New-York Times, 116, 157, 181, 215, 318, 320
• New York World, 425
• Niagara Falls, 492
• Niagara Falls Association, 418
• Niagara Reservation, 466
• Nicaragua, 443, 444
• Niles, Bertha Olmsted (half-sister) (1835–1926), 192, 247, 250, 355, 357
• Niles, John Olmsted (nephew) (1863–1873), 247, 250
• Niles, William Woodruff (1832–1914), 189, 192, 247, 250“Noctes Ambrosianre,”in Blackwood’s Magazine, 170
• North American Review, 37, 55, 162, 163, 341, 344, 579, 582
• North Carolina: emigration to, 674
• Northwestern Sanitary Fair, 323
• Norton, Charles Eliot (1827–1908), 53, 161, 162–63, 582, 615; relations of, with FLO, 162–63
• Nottinghamshire, England, 671
• Oakland, Calif., 33, 316, 399, 564
• Ocampo, Francisco, 12
• Occidental Hotel (San Francisco, Calif.), 93, 95, 308, 309
• Occidental Petroleum Company, 316
• Oliphant, Margaret: Salem Chapel, 721
• Oliver, J. Warner, 267, 268
• Olmsted, Albert Henry (half-brother) (1842–1929), 327–30, 328, 331, 332, 357, 358
• Olmsted, Charlotte (niece, stepdaughter) (1855–1908), 17, 18, 207, 235, 236, 247, 250, 321, 324
• Olmsted, Frederick Law (1822–1903): advice of, on selecting architects, 242–47; disappointed with California, 261, 349–50; and family, 8, 17, 18, 37, 114, 172, 189, 252, 256, [809] 298, 350; first response of, to California landscape, 12, 99–100, 104–7; future plans of, 342–43; as general secretary of USSC, 5, 48, 165, 597; health of, 17, 36–37, 48, 54, 160–61, 165, 172, 187, 206, 210, 221, 228, 235, 240, 256, 258, 297, 299, 307, 393, 435, 438, 441, 443; as landscape architect, 364, 374; leaves California, 444; living quarters of, in Bear Valley store, 208; loneliness of, in California, 348; as member of Century Association, 211; names Mount Gibbs, 256; and Nation, 3; and partnership with CV, 324, 449; and proposed house in Bear Valley (Marion House), 110–11, 127, 129, 181, 182, 208, 211; proposes names for College of California site, 407–10; and Prospect Park, 400; provides place names for California, 410; reaction of, to tropical scenery, 11; reading matter of, 230–31; reputation of, 132, 315, 350; results of design efforts for semiarid landscape, 464; and resignation from USSC, 307; returns to New York, 415, 416, 421, 437, 442; social relations of, 354, 373; and Staten Island farm, 101, 172, 176, 358, 424; trip of, in Sierra Nevada, 20, 21, 252–53, 256;and USSC, 166, 167, 176, 306, 349, 352; witnesses Indian tribal gathering, 649–50

• —biographical information, 113, 159, 163, 596–97, 613–14, 616, 709, 719, 722; and Detroit park, 374–75; enjoyment of European parks, 150–51; as managing editor of Putnam’s Monthly Magazine, 344
• —and Central Park, 145, 166, 181, 185, 205, 306, 324, 373, 379, 390, 435, 472–73; administrator of, 404; architect-in-chief of, 4–5, 65, 115, 116, 147, 149–50, 151, 152, 156, 177, 179, 181, 280, 365, 389, 404, 405, 614; and collaboration with CV on Greensward design, 378–79; dismissal from, 418; land scape architect to, 36, 92, 115, 116, 365, 389, 405–6, 437; return to, 415; superintendent of, 8, 64, 92, 145–46, 148–49, 150, 155, 156, 178, 181, 280, 405, 420, 597, 614, 618
• —economic investigations: of Buena Vista Vinicultural Society, 31; of California petroleum industry, 30–31, 58, 285–88, 315, 316;of manganese mine, 30–31, 58, 284, 287, 289, 332; of wine production in California, 332–39
• —finances, 9, 59, 201–2, 207, 342–43, 356–57, 358, 393, 421, 438; and contract with Mariposa Company, 422; earnings from investments, 307; and Mariposa Company stock, 58, 437; salary, 6, 28, 121, 124, 167, 292, 366, 380, 413, 414, 415, 422, 445, 571
• —investments: in California petroleum companies, 315, 316, 325, 326, 343, 345, 370; in California stocks, 53–54, 190, 192, 215, 218, 237, 356, 367, 381, 393; in San Joaquin Petroleum Company, 288; views of, on California investments, 123, 215–18, 222
• —landscape design projects: Berkeley Neighborhood, 424, 445, 450, 456; Biltmore Estate (N.C.), 460; Bloomingdale Asylum (Manhattan, N.Y.), 449; Boston park system, 460; Central Park (N.Y.C.), 449, 544; College of California, 3, 18, 34, 94, 299, 316, 320, 325, 398–400, 421, 435, 455–57, 571; Darius Ogden Mills Estate (Mill-brae), 31, 307, 308–9, 323, 470, 571; Edward K. Collins Estate (New Rochelle, N.Y.), 449; George Henry Howard Estate (Rancho San Mateo), 33, 320, 321–22, 323, 325, 470, 571; Hartford Retreat for the Insane (Hartford, Conn.), 176, 449; Hillside Cemetery (Middletown, N.Y.), 449; Long Branch, N.J. (seaside suburb), 418; Lookout Mountain (Golden, Colo.), 452; Manhattan street system above 155th Street, [810] 449, 450; Mountain View Cemetery (Oakland, Calif.), 33, 258, 298, 299, 316, 325, 401, 452–55; New York state capitol (Albany), 250; Niagara Reservation (N.Y.), 418, 466; Perry Park (Colo.), 452; role of, in Golden Gate Park design, 463; San Francisco public pleasure grounds, 3, 35–36, 461–64; Stanford University (Palo Alto, Calif.), 451, 457–60; Tacoma, Washington, 94, 450; U.S. Capitol grounds, 156; Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 464–68
• —landscape design theory, 2, 3, 429–30; for semiarid regions, 452, 454–55, 462–63; for academic campuses, 548–49; for cemeteries, 470; for domestic space, 550–53, 555; for residential neighborhoods, 554–56, 560;“open-air apartments,” 551–52; purpose of curvilinear ways, 454–55; on the term“landscape architecture,” 373, 422; use of formal allees, 401, 455, 456; use of turf, 455–56, 462; use of watering, 458; on value of parks, 426, 428, 522; views of, on Golden Gate Park, 462–63
• —as Manager of Mariposa Estate, 2, 13, 19, 121, 132–33, 293, 412, 614, 729; and canal project, 14, 133, 136, 137, 142, 163–64, 192, 195, 299; and company stores, 26; considers Estate worthless, 391; considers lawsuit against Mariposa Company, 416; creates reading room for workers, 16–17, 213–15, 240; disappointed with Estate, 155, 165, 221; and 1864 Expenses, 25; handling of labor strike, 15–16, 197–98, 203, 204–6; improves quality of life of miners, 16; interest of, in a steam-laundry system, 140, 224–25; leases Estate to Dodge Brothers, 29–30, 355–56, 413; and Mariposa Company, 292, 299, 317, 411, 417, 421, 435; negotiates Mariposa Company’s debts, 28, 303–5, 325–26, 412, 413; and operation of mines, 190; plans of, for agriculture and sheep-ranching, 109, 139; prevents complete work stoppage at Estate, 412–13; protects company bullion, 23; purchases stores, 232–34, 237; reduces wages on Estate, 195; and reform business principles, 14; refuses to influence voters, 278; released from duties on Estate, 30; reputation of, during failure of Mariposa Company, 29; secures water rights to South Fork, 137; on stationing of troops at Estate, 283–84; views Estate as a swindle, 391, 392
• —opportunities for employment, 30–31, 367; on Central Park, 66–67; as commissioner of Freed-men’s Bureau, 367, 371; as editor of the Nation, 55; as general secretary of American Freedmen’s Aid Union, 37, 48, 435, 439, 440; and N.Y.C. street commissioner-ship, 8; on Prospect Park, 66–67, 390; San Francisco newspaper, 53, 293, 318, 367, 371, 380, 382; as superintendent of Port Royal Experiment, 4, 125; weekly journal, 5, 9, 30, 52, 162, 163, 306, 307, 313; as writer for the Nation, 37, 440; as writer for the North American Review, 37
• —political ideology, 54; and class representation in government, 318–19; and 1864 Presidential campaign, 23, 24–25, 273–79; and loyalty to government, 609–11; and Mariposa County politics, 273; and necessary qualities for governors, 748; and Republican party, 222; views of, on political patronage, 24
• —social values and idea of civilization: and book-buying association, 3, 50, 300–302; and Christian churches, 158, 265, 707–20; and“communitiveness,” 449, 451, 659–60; and community, 51, 453; and community building, 140; concerning death, 157–58; and domesticity, 226–27, 450, 548, 550–52; [811] and future course of civilization in America, 762–63; and governmental protection of natural scenery, 500–502, 505; importance of recreation, 428, 502–4, 522–23; and landscape architecture, 2, 426, 452–53; sense of identity with“Old England,” 745–46; and service, 659, 661–62, 664–66, 750; standards of civilization, 657–58; and use of social statistics, 580–82
• —travels, 597, 614; Amherst, Mass_, 573; Canada, 601, 616; China, 113; England, 514, 607–8, 745–46, 756; Europe, 151, 157, 159, 241; Italy, 451; London, 150, 156, 314; Munich, 515; Panama, 10–11, 78, 80–83, 85–91; Paris, 424; Rome, 118; the South, 4, 84, 101, 597; by steamship, 11, 72–78, 80–81; Texas, 222, 597, 679, 685, 688; Wrexham, Wales, 618
• —writings, 163, 706; article in Mariposa Gazette, 16;“Berkeley Neighborhood Including the Grounds of the College of California,” 571; Cotton Kingdom, 615;“The Genesis of a Rumor,” 347;“Governmental Preservation of Natural Scenery,” 467, 468;“The Great American Park of the Yo Semite,” 466–67; Hospital Transports, 743, 755; Journey in the Back Country, 4, 390, 579; “Journey in the West,” 55, 432, 578–79; Journey Through Texas, 4, 614, 721; Manager’s General Report, 13, 14, 50, 186, 190, 196–97, 198, 200, 237, 241, 390, 391, 392, 393;“Park,” 153, 157, 431;“The Pioneer Condition and the Drift of Civilization in America,” 30, 51, 55, 61, 163, 200, 344;“Preface to the Plan for Mountain View Cemetery,” 33, 403, 451; Preliminary Report in Regard to a Plan of Public Pleasure Grounds for the City of San Francisco, 35–36, 461;“Preliminary Report upon the Yosemite and Big Tree Grove,” 36, 202, 442, 449, 464, 468;“Re port on Plan”for George Henry Howard’s estate, 403; Report Upon a Projected Improvement of the Estate of the College of California, at Berkeley, near Oakland, 34, 456–57; Seaboard Slave States, 4, 170, 614, 679, 680, 681, 682; Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England, 614, 618
• —and Yosemite Valley: advocates access road to Valley, 269–71, 465–66; chairman of Yosemite Commission, 22, 36, 433, 435; on management of Yosemite grant, 467, 472–73; member of Yosemite Commission, 2–3, 513; oversees Yosemite grant boundary survey, 22, 513–14; and protection of Valley, 466–67; resigns from Yosemite Commission, 445; response of, to Valley scenery, 465, 472; travels to Valley with Colfax party, 435; visits Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 21

• Olmsted, James, 755
• Olmsted, John (father) (1791–1873), 17, 114, 116, 124, 128, 191, 250, 352, 358, 434; health of, 327, 331, 355, 357; member of church committee, 242, 249
• Olmsted, John Charles (nephew, stepson) (1852–1920), 17, 18, 21, 117, 118, 141, 207, 235, 236, 247, 250, 256; in Sierra Nevada, 252, 253, 256
• Olmsted, John Hull (brother) (1825–1857), 17, 18, 84, 101, 118, 159, 176, 266, 348, 349, 352
• Olmsted, Marion (daughter) (1861–1948), 17, 182, 207, 236, 247, 248, 250, 251, 405
• Olmsted, Mary (half-sister) (1832–1875), 124, 172, 175, 176, 207, 247, 250, 320, 322, 352
• Olmsted, Mary Bull (stepmother) (1801–1894), 175, 207, 357, 358
• Olmsted, Mary Perkins (Mrs_ Frederick Law) (wife) (1830–1921), 17, 18, 101, 114, 118, 122, 157, 159, 172, 175, 176, 182, 184, 185, 189, 201, 206, 210, 213, 229, 241, 247, 250, 259, 260, 315, 324, 326, 347, 367, [812] 391, 393, 398, 403, 438, 443, 444; arrives in Bear Valley, 17; and children, 18, 221, 355, 435; in Cuba, 84; describes problems at Mariposa Estate, 310; FLO on, 235, 236–37; on FLO’s investments in petroleum, 326; health of, 351; in San Francisco, 342; travels to San Francisco, 84, 395
• Olmsted, Owen Frederick (nephew, stepson) (1857–1881), 17, 122, 124, 141, 207, 235, 236, 247, 250, 251, 256
• Olmsted, Vaux & Company, 66, 405–6, 444, 457
• Olmsted & Vaux, Landscape Architects, 360
• Opdyke, George (1805–1880), 6, 7, 25, 195, 306, 368, 416; and FLO, 411; and incorporation of Mariposa Company, 395; and libel suit, 26–27; on Mariposa Company Board of Trustees, 6–7; and N.Y.C. street commissionership, 7–8
• Oregon, 9, 707, 721
• Osbaldistone, Hildebrand, 681
• Osgood, Samuel, 312, 314
• Oso House (Bear Valley, Calif.) (hotel), 17, 98, 99, 101, 121, 124, 127, 129, 172, 189
• Owens Valley, Calif., 639, 652
• Pacheco Pass, Calif., 286
• Pacific Coast Petroleum Company, 316, 345
• Pacific Mail Steamship Company, 11, 78, 79, 83–84, 129, 191, 207, 216, 218, 219, 418
• Pacific Railroad, 520, 544
• Palfrey, John G.: History of New England during the Stuart Dynasty, 341, 344
• Panama, 10–11, 78, 85, 444, 458; description of, 80, 82–83, 85–91; scenery in, 80, 83, 85–91
• Panama Railroad, II, 63, 78, 79, 82, 84, 89
• Parc de Monceau (Paris), 431
• Parc de Montsouris (Paris), 431
• Parc des Buttes-Chaumont (Paris), 431
• Paris, 525; parks in, 379, 428, 431
• Park, Trenor William (1823–1882), 9, 20, 24, 26, 28, 61, 61–62, 95, 118, 122, 124, 132, 133, 135, 136, 199, 200, 416, 653; HWB on, 62; biography of, 60–63; as director of Mariposa Company, 60; and Emma Mine, 62–63, 119; finances of, 60, 62, 63; FLO on, 200; as manager of Mariposa Estate, 7, 12, 13, 15, 60, 130–32, 134, 190, 196, 197, 200, 203, 204, 279, 280; and manipulation of Mariposa Company stock, 62; as member of Mariposa Company Board of Trustees, 6–7, 94; overvalues Mariposa Estate assets, 186, 190; political career of, 60
• Park Congregational Church (Hartford, Conn.), 249, 250
• Parker, David & Company: and steam-laundry system, 225
• Parks, 426, 428, 522; in Adelaide, Australia, 429, 432; in Baltimore, Md., 428; Battersea Park (London), 544; Beacon Hill Park (Victoria, Canada), 432; in Boston, Mass., 428; in Brooklyn N.Y., 428; Bushnell Park (Hartford, Conn.), 431; in Chicago, Ill., 428; Druid Hill Park (Baltimore, Md.), 431; in England, 462; Fairmount Park (Philadelphia, Pa.), 431, 545; Golden Gate Park (San Francisco, Calif.), 462; in Hartford, Conn., 428; Hyde Park (London), 425, 430; Lafayette Park, (St. Louis, Mo.), 432; Lemon Hill (Philadelphia, Pa.), 545; Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.), 431–32; Llewellyn Park (West Orange, N.J.), 325, 326, 422, 424; in London, 428, 431; in Melbourne, Australia, 429, 432; Missouri Botanical Garden, 431; in New Haven, Conn., 428, 431; Parc de Monceau (Paris), 431; Parc de Montsouris (Paris), 431; Parc des Buttes-Chaumont (Paris), 431; in Paris, 428, 431; in Philadelphia, Pa., 428; Public Garden (Boston, Mass.), 431, 545; Regents’ Park (London), 520–21, 544; in St. Louis, Mo., 428; in [813] Sidney, Australia, 429, 432; Tower Grove Park (St. Louis, Mo., 431; in Victoria, Canada, 429; Victoria Park (London), 544; Washington Square (St. Louis, Mo.), 432. See also FLO, landscape design projects; Central Park; Prospect Park; San Francisco, public pleasure grounds; and names of other individual parks
• Parmly, Julia, 126, 129
• Parsons, Robert, 282
• Parsons, Samuel, 282
• Parsons & Company, 282
• Patter:;on, Ferdinand, 639, 652
• Peace Democrats, 79, 223
• Pennethorne, James, 544
• Pennsylvania Petroleum Company, 326
• Peralta, Jose Domingo, 411
• Peralta, Luis Maria, 411
• Perkins, Abigail Smith, 114, 116
• Perkins, Henry Cleveland, 17, 208
• Perry Park (Colo.), 452
• Persians: rural retreats of, 504
• Petersburg, Va., 241, 242, 260
• Petroleum industry, 315; in California, 285–88; problem of transportation in, 286–88; speculation in, 286
• Philadelphia, Pa.: parks in, 428, 431, 521, 545
• Philadelphia & California Petroleum Company, 345, 353
• Piccadilly (London), 623, 650
• Piedmont Way. See California, College of
• Pieper, Mrs., 112, 127
• Pieper, John Henry (1824–1888), 14, 19, 118, 127, 136, 167, 181, 186, 191, 297, 304, 305, 317, 318, 400, 401; arrives in Bear Valley, 101; chief engineer of Mariposa Estate, 112
• Pierce, Franklin, 616
• Pike County, Mo., 125, 663
• Pikes: descriptions of, 123, 125, 663
• Pilat, Ignaz Anton (1820–1870), 17, 183, 185, 361, 365, 387, 419; as head gardener of Central Park, 92
• Pine Tree Mine, 15, 130, 131, 192, 197, 201; and labor strike, 202, 204; miners occupy, 319
• Pioneers: capacity of, for civilization, 736–37, 748; and community service, 750; description of, 685–86; effect of frontier on, 684–85; independence of, 749. See also Frontiersmen
• Pixley, Frank Morrison, 267, 268
• Plymouth Colony, 671, 679
• Point Avisadero, Calif., 542
• Point San Jose, Calif., 532, 535
• Point San Quentin, Calif., 542
• Pollard, Frank A., 92
• Polytechnic schools, 368–69
• Pomeroy, Samuel, 223
• Pope, Alexander: An Essay on Man, 652
• Porter, William T., 215
• Port Royal Experiment, 125
• Potter, Howard (1826–1897), 6, 218, 219, 368, 371, 418, 444, 445; FLO requests legal assistance from, 411–17; receives FLO’s power of attorney, 417; relations of, with FLO, 418
• Presbyterian church, 713, 722
• Presbyterian Church (Newburgh, N.Y.), 245
• Princeton, Calif., 16–17, 104, 120, 123, 198, 214, 232, 234
• Princeton Mill, 8, 104
• Princeton Mine, 13, 15, 120, 130, 132, 135, 190, 192, 193–94, 197, 332; decrease in gold production at, 25, 27; and labor strike, 15–16, 202–3, 204, 205; rich ore discovered at, 12; salting of, 196
• Prospect Park (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 30, 156, 294–95, 324, 359, 361, 362, 373, 387, 390, 403, 421, 430, 431; additions to site, 360, 366; area to be annexed for, 297; boundaries of, 296, 326, 374; lake in, 295; reservoir near, 295, 297

• —Board of Commissioners, 65, 325, 423; counterproposal for CV, 388; hires CV to design park grounds, 405, 419; accepts CV’s suggestions for land acquisition, 372.See also CV

• [814]
• Public Garden (Boston, Mass.), 431, 545
• Puritans: in New England, 691–92, 717, 720, 749; attitudes of, toward recreation, 720; church of, 719; views of, on art, 720
• Pusey, Edward, 616
• Puseyism, 602, 616
• Putnam, Samuel Osgood, 395
• Putnam’s Monthly Magazine, 157, 344
• Quakers, 453, 671
• Quinine, 84
• Raleigh, N.C., 343
• Ralston, Elizabeth Fry, 308, 309
• Ralston, William Chapman, 30, 31, 190, 291, 293, 294, 304, 305;and Buena Vista Vinicultural Society, 337, 338; director of California Steam Navigation Company, 218; interest of, in Sargent’s Ranch, 316; investment of, in petroleum industry, 326
• Rambler (periodical), 394, 396
• Rancho San Antonio: as part of College of California property, 411
• Rancho San Mateo, 321, 323, 325; George Howard’s estate, 320
• Rand, Samuel T., 361, 362, 364
• Randall, Benjamin, 722
• Raymond, Frances Bryan Howard, 308, 309
• Raymond, Israel Ward: as member of Yosemite Commission, 23, 513; and suppression of FLO’s Yosemite report, 202; and Yosemite grant, 512–13
• Raymond, Rossiter, 201; and management of Mariposa Estate, 29
• Recreation: among British ruling class, 502–3; historical provision for, 505; importance of, to health, 502–4, 522–23; need for, among Americans, 503
• Red Rock Island, Calif.: and manganese mine, 58
• Regents’ Park (London), 520–21, 544
• Religion, 602, 645; in California, 262–64; as decivilizing tendency, 718–20, divisiveness of, 720; and frontier, 646, 713, 727. See also Clergy
• Republicanism, 749–50, 756; beneficial effects of, 751
• Republican party, 23, 222
• Residences: domestic, 551;“open-air apartments,” 551–52; relation of, to surroundings, 555–56; requirements of, 552–54. See also Suburban residential communities
• Reuter’s Agency, 367, 371
• Reynolds, James S., 640, 652
• Rhode Island: pioneer condition in, 684
• Richardson, Albert D., 36, 437
• Richardson, Henry Hobson, 250, 458
• Richmond, Va., 242, 260; fall of, 348, 351, 352
• Ritchie, Daniel, 676; The Voice of Our Exiles, 676, 681
• Roanoke Colony, 670, 679
• Roberts, John W., 291, 347
• Roberts’s Ferry, 291, 346
• Robinson, William, 453
• Roman Catholic church, 671, 717, 718
• Rossville, Staten Island, N.Y., 97, 101, 108, 113
• Rossville Hotel, 99
• Rotten Row (Hyde Park, London), 425, 430
• Round Table, 52, 240, 241–42
• Ruskin, John, 185, 759, 760;“Essays on Political Economy,” 761
• Russell, Charles H., 384, 388, 404
• Russell, John, 502, 515
• Russell, William Howard (1820–1907), 578, 598, 609, 614, 616, 617;My Diary North and South, 578, 604–5, 616; reports of, to Times of London, 607
• Russian-American Telegraph, 298
• Sacramento, Calif.: state capitol building in, 489
• Sacramento Daily Union, 380, 382, 442
• St. George’s Episcopal Church (NYC.), 245, 246, 249
• St. Giles’ Fields (London), 623, 650
• St. Louis, Mo., 700; parks in, 428, 429, 431
• St. Peter’s Basilica (Rome), 228, 240, 241; and Illumination nights, 229
• Sala, George: The Strange Adventures [815] of Captain Dangerous, 673, 677–78, 680, 682
• Salem Chapel (novel), 709
• San Bruno, Calif., 546
• San Francisco, Calif., 286, 526–27, 528, 547; Bay View racecourse, 545; Board of Supervisors, 544; and children, 527; and city bonds, 381; and city lots, 381; Committee of Thirteen, 164, 169; description of, 93; destiny of, 527–28; FLO on, 216; future expansion of, 520–21; gardening in, 529; government in, 753; inhabitants of, 93, 95, 226–27, 261, 526, 655–56; lack of domestic beauty in, 559; lack of recreational facilities in, 527; landscape of, II; Market Street, 533, 537; need for residential suburbs in, 549; need for water in, 382–83; Orphan Asylum, 533; as park site, 426; Pioneer racecourse, 545; religion in, 263; revision of city map of, 537; revision of street plan for, 450, 542–43; and rights of blacks, 668; scenery of, 559, 560; transient nature of population of, 526, 527; vegetation in, 529; voluntary organizations in, 727; Willows racecourse, 545

• —public pleasure grounds, 35–36, 450, 461–64, 531, 532, 539;grand terrace, location of, 545; length of roads and walks in, 542; monument, location of, 546; need for, 421, 425–30, 521–23, 527; opposition to, 544; parade ground, location of, 532–34, 546; pedestrian mall, location of, 541, 546; plan for, 530; and plantings, 540–41; playground, location of, 533; Promenade, 3, 461, 528, 530, 531, 532, 536–40, 538, 542; site for, 545; style for, 429–30; use of turf in, 534; value of, 520; vista point, location of, 546

• San Francisco and San Jose Railroad, 288
• San Francisco City Water Works Company, 192, 217, 218, 219, 381, 382, 383
• San Francisco Custom House, 705
• San Francisco Daily Evening Bulletin, 35, 196, 199, 382, 425, 430, 698
• San Francisco Gas Company, 217, 218, 219
• San Francisco Soldier’s Relief Fund, 169
• Sanitary Commission Bulletin, 165, 169
• San Joaquin Petroleum Company, 316
• San Joaquin Valley, Calif., 12, 117
• San Jose, Calif., 286
• San Juan del Sur, Calif., 444
• San Luis Obispo, Calif., 286, 288
• San Mateo County, Calif., 571
• Santa Cruz, Calif., 31
• Sargent, James P., 316
• Sargent’s Ranch, 31, 315, 316
• Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science, and Art, 394, 396
• Saunders, John H., 544
• Scandlin, Mr. (minister), 169
• Scenery: psychological effect of, 89, 503–4; unconscious influence of, 461–62, 465
• Schuyler, Eliza Hamilton, 157, 159, 181, 189; relations of, with FLO, 191
• Schuyler, George Lee, 158, 159, 160
• Schuyler, Georgina, 160
• Schuyler, Louisa, 158
• Schuyler, Louisa Lee, 158, 160, 351, 352
• Schuyler, Philip, 160
• Scotland, 752
• Scott, Thomas A., 353
• Scott, Walter, 755; Fortunes of Nigel, 678, 682; Rob Roy, 677, 681; Waverley Novels, 176
• Scott, William B., 418; elected president of Mariposa Company, 414
• Selover, Abia, 59, 132, 135, 136, 416; as owner of Mariposa Estate, 57
• Selover, James, 130, 132, 135
• Semiarid landscape, design principles for, 451, 455; Golden Gate Park as an example of, 464; place of pastoral scenery in, 469–70; plant materials in, 470, 471; use of turf in, 456, 462; and watering, 458, 463, 475, 560–61. See also California, College of; Mountain View [816] Cemetery; San Francisco, public pleasure grounds
• Sepoy Rebellion, 686, 689“Seven Per Cent”(article), 343, 346, 357
• Seward, William Henry, 593, 613
• Shakers, 225
• Shakespeare, William, 311, 312, 313, 464, 755; Hamlet, 314
• Shasta, John, 650
• Shaw, Henry G., 431
• Sheffield Scientific School, 21
• Shenandoah Valley, Va., 260
• Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge (firm), 458
• Sheridan, Philip H., 258, 260
• Sherman, William T., 260, 343, 345, 346–47, 351, 356, 357–58, 368, 489
• Sherwood, Winfield Scott, 308, 309
• Showalter, Daniel, 273
• Sidney, Sir Philip, 506, 515, 755
• Sierra Nevada, 20, 105, 117, 123, 257, 291, 382, 652; description of, 98, 252–53; discovery of gold in, 10
• Silliman, Benjamin, Jr. (1816–1885), 237, 270, 272; and California wine industry, 338; on Mariposa Mine, 19; report of, on California petroleum industry, 31, 288, 345; report of, on Mariposa Estate, 58, 238; visits Mariposa Estate, 14
• Simmons, Orrin, 34, 571
• Slavery: effect of, on American South, 706; and extension of pioneer condition, 597, 614; influence of, on community, 577
• Smith, Goldwin, 231, 342, 344–45
• Smith, John, 670, 679; Advertisements for the Unexperienced Planters of New England or Any Where, 675, 680, 681; The Generall Historie of Virginia, 680; writings of, 673
• Smith, John W.: and 7th California Infantry, 283, 284
• Social statistics: of Civil War soldiers, 580–82
• Society for the Advancement of Truth in Art, 185
• Soldiers’ Absentee Voting Act, 191
• Sonoma County, Calif., 338
• Sons of Temperance, 631
• South Carolina: emigrants to, 674
• Southern Pacific Railroad, 288
• Southey, Robert:“The Battle of Blenheim,” 651
• South Fork of the Merced River, 14, 136, 137, 142
• Spanish: in Mariposa County, 632
• Spectator (periodical), 394, 396
• Spencer, Herbert, 299, 302;“Over-Legislation,” 705, 720–21; Social Statics, 718, 722, 754
• Sporting Life (periodical), 687, 689
• Springfield Republican, 380, 382, 442
• Spring Grove Cemetery (Cincinnati, Ohio), 474, 487
• Spring Valley Reservoir (San Francisco, Calif.), 546
• Spring Valley Water Works Company, 217, 219, 381, 382
• Standard (newspaper), 687, 689
• Stanford, Leland, 457, 460, 464; role of, in Stanford University design, 458
• Stanislaus County, Calif., 273
• Stanton, Edwin M., 260, 351, 352, 353, 358
• Stapleton, Staten Island, N.Y., 97, 101
• Starr, Augustus W.: and 2nd California Cavalry, Company F, 283, 284
• Staten Island, N.Y., 114
• Steamships: Champion, 10–11, 72, 78, 80, 81; Constitution, 11, 80, 81, 83, 126, 127, 129; Ericsson, 444; Golden Age, 129; Golden City, 127, 129; Moses Taylor, 444; Northern Light, 81, 84; North Star, 79, 81, 84; Ocean Queen, 81, 84; Persia, 78; St. Louis, 205, 207
• Steamship travel: description of, 72–78
• Stearns, George Luther, 52
• Stebbins, Henry G., 359
• Stebbins, Horatio, 266, 348, 352, 353, 355, 357; and University of California, 352
• Steele, Richard, 396
• Steiner, Lewis H., 165, 169
• Stille, Charles J.: A History of the United States Sanitary Commission, 303; How a Free People Conduct a Long War, 300, 302
• [817]
• Stockton, Calif., 97, 98, 101, 187, 189, 292
• Stranahan, James S. T., 294, 295, 297, 383
• Strawberry Canyon (Berkeley, Calif.), 33–34, 571; plan for, 564, 565; scenery of, 561
• Strong, George Templeton, 8
• Suburban residential communities: ad· vantages of, 552–54; and impor· tance of seclusion, 555; need for, 552–54; planning of, 460; site for, 556–57, 558; streets in, 567–68. See also California, College of
• Sullivan and Company (firm), 232, 234
• Sunday schools: in England, 718, 722
• Swaney, Andrew Montgomery: as editor of Mariposa Weekly Gazette, 279
• Sweetser, Charles, 241
• Sweetser, Henry E., 241
• Switzerland, 501
• Sydney, Australia: parks in, 429, 432
• Tacoma, Wash., 450
• Talfourd, Thomas Noon, 641, 652
• Taney, Roger B., 652
• Tapley, Mark, 144
• Taylor, John Neilson, 294, 297
• Tejon Pass, Calif., 286
• Temple, Henry, 502, 515
• Texas: emigration to, 677
• Thackeray, William Makepeace, 598, 614; Book of Snobs, 615
• Thames River (England), 464
• Thanksgiving Day, 155
• Thomas, Griffith, 243, 249
• Thorough-drainage, 566, 573
• Thucydides, 480, 488
• Ticknor & Fields (publisher), 301, 303
• Tileston, Thomas, 617
• Times (London), 77, 79, 607, 609
• Tinkelpaugh, E. L., 79
• Tocqueville, Alexis de, 596, 598; Democracy in America, 344, 613
• Tompkins, Daniel D., 250
• Tompkins, Edward D., 308, 309
• Tompkins, Mangle Minthorne, 247, 250
• Tompkins, Ruth A., 247, 250, 321, 323–24
• Tompkins, Sarah Bunnell Haight, 308, 309
• Torrey, John, 492, 514–15
• Tower Grove Park (St. Louis, Mo.), 431
• Transcontinental railroad, 10, 133, 136
• Trask, Charles, 616
• Trench-plowing, 573
• Tribune Almanac, 215
• Trinity Church (N.Y.C.), 113, 244
• Trollope, Anthony, 598, 601, 614, 616, 709, 721; North America, 578; Small House at Allington, 600, 615
• Trollope, Frances, 606; Domestic Manners of the Americans, 606, 607, 617
• Tropical scenery: compared to Central Park scenery, 85–89; description of, 80, 82–83, 85–91; psychological effect of, 86
• Tudor, Frederick, 481, 488
• Tulare Lake, 316
• Tuolumne County, Calif., 191
• Tuolumne Meadows, Calif., 21
• Turner, Joseph M. W., 480, 488
• Twining, Kinsley, 248, 250
• Tyng, Stephen Higginson, 246, 250
• Union army: fighting qualities of, 609; social statistics of, 580–82
• Union County, Calif., 258
• Union Democratic party, 268
• Union League Club (N.Y.C.), 79, 116, 257
• Union party: Central Committee, 272
• Unitarian church, 719
• United States Mail Steamship Company, 78
• Upjohn, Richard, 246, 249
• Upjohn, Richard Michell, 249
• Upson, Lauren, 382
• U.S. Army: in California, 23; and Indians, 685
• U.S. Army Volunteers, 686, 689; education of officers of, 368–69
• U.S. Capitol (Washington, D.C.), 156, 488
• U.S. Christian Commission, 164, 168
• U.S. Congress, 466; deeds Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove to California, 22
• [818]
• U.S. Geological Survey, 21
• U.S. Land Commission, 15
• U.S. Mint: San Francisco, 188, 191
• U.S. Sanitary Commission, 18, 164, 168, 169, 226, 258, 262, 264, 309, 369, 418; central office of, 142; contributions to, from California, 164–65; donations to, 512; hospital transport service of, 84; relations of, with FLO, 49
• Valentine, David Thomas: Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York, 211
• Vallandigham, Clement, 221, 223
• Van Buren, William H., 235, 237
• Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 10–11, 13, 74, 78–79, 84, 218
• Vaux, Calvert (1824–1895), 3, 4, 33, 34, 35, 64, 114, 116, 155, 182, 185, 211, 352, 364, 416, 417, 430, 434, 437, 442, 452, 470; appointed landscape architect to Central Park, 116, 181; architectural designs of, 208, 326; biography of, 64–67; and Board of Commissioners of Central Park, 365; and Campaign Document No. 2, 383, 388; and Campaign Document No. 3, 384, 389; card stating rates charged, 386; and Central Park, 36, 65, 115, 358–59, 377, 402, 435; on Central Park, 65, 387–88; church design, 244; collaboration of, with FLO on Central Park design, 64–65, 114–15, 116, 144–45, 148, 155–56, 177, 179, 364, 376, 387, 389–90, 404–5, 544; compares FLO to Napoleon III, 377; and C.P. Manifesto, 375, 378; defends Greensward plan, 65; on FLO as artist, 376–77, 387, 419; on FLO as landscape architect, 363; health of, 114, 116; hired to design Prospect Park, 405, 419, 420; on landscape architecture as art, 386; member of Century Association, 211; and New Haven, Conn., park site, 65, 183, 185, 431; and New York Evening Post letter, 374; on New Path, 182; offers FLO role in design of Pros pect Park, 373, 375, 400; opposition of, to Hunt’s gateways, 66, 358–60, 362, 364; on park work as art, 373–74; partnership of, with FLO, 115, 116, 147, 152, 153–54, 156, 177–78, 208, 363, 364, 366, 387, 449; partnership of, with Withers, 249;“Preliminary Report on Boundaries,” 374; and Prospect Park, 30, 36, 65, 294–95, 325, 326, 361, 362, 372, 383, 388, 403; on public credit for Central Park design, 114–15, 116, 153; reappointed landscape architect to Central Park, 36, 92, 365, 389, 405–6, 420, 437; relations of, with FLO, 66, 115, 144–45, 146, 177, 178–81, 183–84, 208–9, 362, 419, 420; resigns from Central Park, 92, 115, 362; salary of, 183; on the term“Landscape Architect,” 373–74, 385–86; urges FLO to return to park designing, 36; Villas and Cottages, 185, 246, 249
• Vaux, Mary McEntee, 114, 155, 157, 181, 184, 185, 210, 384; and children, 403
• Victoria, Canada: parks in, 429, 432
• Victoria Park (London), 544
• Viele, Egbert L. (1825–1902), 65, 145–46, 152, 156, 209, 210, 211, 324; and Central Park plan, 390, 544; FLO on, 146; as member of Century Association, 211; and Prospect Park plan, 295, 372
• Villa Montmorency (Paris), 422, 424
• Virginia, 673, 678, 722, 748; criminals exported to, 679; early emigration to, 614
• Virginia City, Nev., 753
• Von Sckell, Freidrich, 515
• Wadsworth, James S., 618
• Wakefield, Edward Gibbon, 231
• Wakelee, Henry P., 218, 219
• Walder, Joseph Reddeford, 516
• Wales: government in, 752
• Walker, Amasa, 457–58
• Walter, Thomas Ustick: and U.S. Capitol, 511
• Ward, Nathaniel B., 282
• Wardian cases, 281, 282
• [819]
• Washington Heights (N.Y.C.), 365
• Washington Square (St. Louis, Mo.), 432
• Washoe (Nevada Territory), 317, 318; goldmining in, 135
• Waterman, R. W., 468
• Watkins, Carleton Emmons (1829–1916), 434, 435; donates card photographs, 323; and photographs of Mariposa Estate, 124; and photographs of Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 322, 512
• Wauters, Charles (servant), 17, 81, 84, 97, 104, 136, 172
• Weed, Thurlow, 26, 27
• Wells, Fargo and Company, 23, 187, 191, 216
• West, Thomas, 670, 679
• West Indies, 677–78
• White and Hatch’s (sawmill), 271
• White Mountains, N.H., 491
• Whitney, Eli, 720
• Whitney, Elizabeth, 395
• Whitney, Elizabeth Baldwin, 395
• Whitney, Josiah Dwight (1819–1896), 8, 13–14, 21, 201, 251, 345, 395, 401; and California petroleum, 31; hires Ashburner for California Geological Survey, 331; hires Brewer for California Geological Survey, 257; as member of Yosemite Commission, 23, 513; and suppression of FLO’s Yosemite report, 202
• Whitney, Maria, 393, 395
• Wight, Peter Bonnett, 185, 512
• Wilcox, John Wesley, 267, 269, 625, 651
• Wilderness: battle of, 489, 609
• Wilkes, George, 215
• Willard’s Hotel (Washington, D.C.), 121, 124
• Willey, Samuel Hopkins (1821–1914), 33, 34, 398, 400, 410, 438, 455, 571; asks FLO to survey College of California property, 400; as vice-president of College of California, 282
• Williams, Hannibal, 20, 118, 119, 122, 189, 191
• Williams, Silas, 19, 61, 18, 122, 198, 200; and labor strike on Mariposa Estate, 203, 204
• Williams, Virgil, 434
• Willis, Nathaniel P.: editor of Home Journal, 211
• Willmer & Rogers (N.Y.C. publisher), 213, 214
• Wilson, John [pseudo Christopher North], 170
• Wimbledon Common (London), 431, 544
• Wine production: in California, 332–39
• Winslow, Edward: Good News from New England, 675–76, 681
• Withers, Frederick Clarke, 246, 249;“A Few Hints on Church Building,” 249; and partnership with CV, 115
• Woman’s Central Association of Relief, 160, 418
• Wood, Fernando, 77, 79, 209, 211, 221, 223, 618
• Woolsey, Georgeanna Muirson, 351, 352
• Wordsworth, James S., 609
• Wormeley, Katharine Prescott, 142, 225, 351, 352
• Wrexham, Wales, 618
• Yorkshire, England, 671
• Yosemite Commission, 22, 36, 170, 201, 434, 465, 467, 468; act establishing, 433, 489; and construction of trails and shelters, 509–10; duties of, 506, 508; meeting of, 435, 514; members of, 23, 513; report of, 22; and suppression of FLO’s Yosemite report, 23
• Yosemite Falls, 465, 490, 498
• Yosemite grant, 22, 442–43, 514; act establishing, 433, 500, 512–13; administration of, 490; appropriations for, 509–10; boundary survey of, 22, 185, 269–70, 271, 513–14; failure to implement FLO’s proposals for, 23; landscape qualities of, 492; management of, 467, 468; and need for access roads, 22, 508–9; and need for visitor shelters, 509–10; place of artificial elements in, 468; and preservation [820] of natural scenery, 506; protection of, 506–8; purpose of, 506
• Yosemite Valley, 21, 22, 106, 167, 170, 228–29, 240, 250, 271, 309, 353, 355, 391, 393, 421, 433, 434, 462, 464–68, 489, 493, 513, 514, 516, 652; and access roads, 269, 270, 271, 465–66; boundary of, 22; Colfax party in, 436; description of, 21, 247, 490–91; Half Dome, 496; landscape qualities of, 493; Meadow and Bridal Veil Fall, 494; mineral springs, 491; Mirror Lake, 497; national value of, 511; and psychological effect of scenery, 466; scenery of, 465, 472, 492; Three Brothers, 495; variety of plant life in, 492; visitors to, 516