625
GENERAL INDEX
Italic numbers indicate illustrations.
- Abbott, William E., 527
- Abbott family, 527
- Aesop, 10–11, 86, and Olmsted’s advocacy of “unbending the faculties,” 107–8
- Alameda, 8, 186, 343, 488, 529
- Allan, Hugh, 417
- Alphand, Jean-Charles-Adolphe (1817–1891), 236, 330, 336, 348; Les Promenades de Paris, 318
- American Institute of Architects: FLO honorary member of, 454
- American Museum of Natural History (N.Y.C.), 277, 326
- American Social Science Association, 17, 31, 201, 346; Journal of Social Science, 4, 331, 346
- André, Edouard François (1840–1911), 351, 376, 379, 411, 415
- Appleton, Jay: The Experience of Landscape, 14
- Argyle, Duke of, 49
- Astor, William Backhouse, 26, 194, 205
- Astor, William Waldorf: and bill limiting uses of Central Park, 331, 346
- Athens, Greece, 12
- Atlanta, Ga., 533
- Avenue de l’Imperatrice (Paris), 13, 134, 135, 145
- Back Bay Fens (Boston, Mass.), 23, 40–43, 471, 473, 525; appropriations for, 454; boundaries of, 445, 452, 457; called a park, 437, 453; and Charles River, 443, 445; and Commonwealth Avenue, 441, 455; construction of, 506; cost of, 440, 505, 507, 532; criticism of, 453; description of, 452; design competition for, 40, 41, 441–42, 455; and exterior streets, 445; FLO creates three plans for, 442, 456; and Muddy River, 442, 445, 450, 452; natural conditions of, 44; plan for, 41, 444, 445, 446–47, 457; and propagating birds on, 595; purchase of land for, 440, 455; purpose of, 437; and regulation of water level in, 445, 446–48; and Stony Brook, 442, 452
- —bridges and arches: Agassiz Bridge, 43; Boylston Street bridge, 42–43, 448, 449, 450, 457–58, 493
- —entrances: Beacon Street, 458–59
- —landscape features of: plant materials, 446–48, 450, 458–59
- —site of, 41, 440, 441, 455; disadvantages of, 441, 443, 452
- Bacon, Francis, 350, 411
- Baldwin, Simeon Eben, 365, 414
- [626
]
- Baltimore, Md., 230, 427
- Barillet-Deschamps, Jean-Pierre, 204
- Barnum, P. T., 169
- Bartholdi, Frédéric Auguste, 454; designs Statue of Liberty, 440
- Baxter, Sylvester, 45
- Bay View, N.Y.: rifle range at, 588, 595
- Bazalgette, Sir Joseph William, 511, 533
- Beach, Alfred E., 203
- Beddoe, John: “On the Physical Degeneration of Town Population,” 202
- Belgium, 487, 529
- Belle Isle (Detroit, Mich.), 37–40, 41, 584; accessible only by water, 589; appropriations for, 425, 434, 435; bridge for, 425; and criticism of pier and gallery for, 426, 435; construction of, 39; FLO explains plan for, 421, 434; landscape features of, 38; plan for, 38, 420–21, 422–23, 431; and policy for, 516; “prairie” section of, 61; site of, 419; visitors to, 426; as waterside resort, 428, 595
- —architectural structures in: gallery, 4, 38, 39, 40, 422–23, 424, 425–30, 432, 434, 435; pier, 4, 38, 39, 40, 422–26, 434, 435
- —areas in: City Fair, 38, 39, 595; ladies’ ground, 425; match-ground, 425; meadow, 38
- —board of commissioners for, 39, 425, 434; adopt plan for park, 421; engage FLO to lay out park, 419, 434; and objections to park plan, 426; relations of, with Common Council, 38, 40; relations of, with FLO, 37, 425
- —circulation system of: avenue, 38, 40; drive, 425; walk, 425
- —water features of: canal, 38, 39, 40, 425, 432
- Bennett, James Gordon, 26
- Bentham, Jeremy, 198, 205
- Berkeley, Calif., 8–9
- Berlin, Germany, 13, 134, 173, 258; boulevards in, 471
- Birkenhead, England, 6–7, 70, 74, 75, 76; Abbey in, 69, 76; docks in, 74, 77; Hamilton Square in, 76; parks and public spaces in, 321; as a suburb of Liverpool, 69; and Woodside ferry, 76
- Birkenhead Park (Birkenhead, England), 3, 6–7, 30, 61, 62, 348; description of, 71, 73; entrance to, 70; plan of, 72; and residential lots for, 73
- Blackstone, Sir William, 600, 613
- Blandford, Mass., 201–2
- Board of Commissioners of the Central Park (N.Y.C.) (1857–1870), 18–19, 239, 273, 336, 501, 522; appointed by the governor, 195; and construction of boulevards, 105, 111; and construction of the park, 278; creation of, 205, 601, 614; and development of Manhattan streets, 12–13, 140, 145–46, 200, 205; elimination of, 273; policies of, 264, 265, 277; relations of, with city government, 196; relations of, with FLO, 50
- Board of Commissioners of the Department of Public Parks (N.Y.C.) (1870–), 24; and the clearing of undergrowth on Central Park, 268, 278–79; creation of, 239, 273; dismisses FLO, 348; and erection of structures on Central Park, 266; and newly conceived projects for Central Park, 246, 274; policies of, during Tweed Ring, 24, 25, 26, 27, 263; relations of, with FLO, 28; and removal of screening woods on Central Park, 266, 278; terminates relationship with FLO and CV, 275
- Board of Commissioners of Prospect Park (Brooklyn, N.Y.) (1860–), 106; and laying out of Kings County streets, 142; and maintaining possession of property east of Flatbush Avenue, 103, 105; and park keepers, 114; and zoological garden, 109
- Bogart, John, 113, 143, 530
- Bolton, Edward D., 597, 613
- Bonvin, Léon, 478, 527
- Boston, Mass., 14, 181–82, 427, 503, 524; advantages of, for residences, 472; Boston Athenaeum, 524; Boston Academy, 525; Chestnut Hill Reservoir, 471; Charles River dam, 43; disadvantages of, 474–75; Faneuil Hall, 530; fire department in, 511; flood in, 450, 458; movement for public parks in, 17, 18, 19, 463, 467, 497, 526, 529, 530; and Muddy River, 43, 471; Museum of Art, 524; police commission in, 511; police force in, 533–34; politics in, 44; and Stony Brook, 450
- [627
]
- —parks and public spaces in, 452, 454, 468, 470, 471–72, 526, 580, 611; Arnold Arboretum, 452, 459, 471, 483, 491, 524, 534; boating in Boston Harbor, 589; Boston Common, 312, 471, 482, 489, 496; Boston Public Garden, 41, 43, 471, 475, 482, 483, 496, 502, 508, 527, 532; Charlesbank, 42, 45, 56, 65; funds for, 44; Jamaica Pond, 43, 452, 459, 471; Marine Park, 41, 589, 595; Park Square, 465, 526; parkways, 452, 459, 521; Riverdale Parkway, 521; Riverway, 43; sites for, 40; Wood Island Park, 456, 516, 534
- —parks commission of, 498; appoints FLO “Landscape Architect Advisory,” 442, 455–56; criticism of Boylston Street bridge design, 448; and economic retrenchment, 532; FLO visits sites for park system for, 40; members of, 440, 454; relations of, with FLO, 43, 455; requests FLO judge Back Bay design competition, 441, 455; requests FLO prepare plan for Back Bay, 442
- —streets in: Charles Street, 482; Columbia Street, 521; Commonwealth Avenue, 471; Humboldt Avenue, 521; Massachusetts Avenue, 471
- Boston Society of Architects, 452
- Boston Society of Civil Engineers, 445, 456
- Bowler, Robert A., 614
- Bowles, Samuel (1826–1878), 171, 201
- Brace, Charles Loring (1826–1890), 6, 35, 155, 349
- Bradley, William Hammatt, 442, 456
- Brewer, William, 416
- Bridgeport, Conn.: Seaside Park, 159–60, 169
- Brooklyn, N. Y, 14, 83, 94, 115, 191, 230; Brooklyn Museum, 12; Public Library, 12; acquisition of land for public parks in, 200; advantages of, for residences, 132; “Battle of,” 110; deaths in, 127; Eighth Ward, 145; Greenwood Cemetery, 109; Harbor Hill Moraine, 145; land values in, 133; movement for public parks in, 106; reservoir in, 81; Valley Grove Tavern, 109
- —parks and public spaces in, 468; Botanic Garden, 12; Eastern Parkway, 14; Mount Prospect Park, 106; Ocean Parkway, 14; parade ground, 110; parkways, 12–14, 16, 110, 137–38, 314; and Sunday-school Union Parade, 529
- —streets in, 116, 131; Flatbush Avenue, 81, 106; Ninth Avenue, 96; Warren Street, 81; Washington Avenue, 81
- Brooklyn Bridge, 437, 438, 440, 453
- Bross, William, 19
- Brown, John Crosby, 600, 614
- Brown, John Croumbie, 614
- Brown, Louis B., 205
- Brussels, Belgium, 173; boulevards in, 471
- Bryant, William Cullen, 350, 411
- Buffalo, N.Y., 503, 532; Abbot’s Corners Road, 54; Belt Line, 577, 594; and boating on Lake Erie, 589; Buffalo Creek, 54; Cazenovia Creek, 55; Delaware Street, 162, 170; and enabling legislation for park system, 169; Erie Canal, 169; and flooding of Thirteenth Ward, 595; Forest Lawn Cemetery, 17, 162, 163, 166, 168, 169, 577; Fort Porter, 162, 164, 168, 169; Hamburg Turnpike, 583; High Street, 162, 164, 168; importance of, as a city, 581; and land east of Jefferson Street, 15; movement for public parks in, 46, 54, 158, 168, 413, 503, 592–93; Niagara River, 169; proposed sites of park system for, 14, 162; Potters field, 162, 168, 169; and railroads, 54; south side of, 55; Thirteenth Ward, 585; Thirteenth Ward residents petition Common Council for a park, 592
- —parks and public spaces in, 498, 576; Avenue, The, 170; Bidwell Parkway, 170, 526; Cazenovia Park, 57; Chapin Parkway, 526; Delaware Avenue, 16, 156; driving park, 166–67, 170; Front, The, 15, 16, 21, 55, 56, 168, 170, 526, 577, 593, 594; Humboldt Parkway, 15, 16, 170, 526; Lincoln Parkway, 170, 526; Niagara Square, 54; Parade, The, 15, 16, 21, 55, 143, 168, 169, 170, 526; Park, The (Delaware Park), 168; Parkside, 16–17; park system, 3, 15, 16, 44, 165, 167; parkways, 3, 165–67, 170, 314, 471, 526, 581, 594, Prospect
- [628
]
- Buffalo, N.Y. (continued) Place, 166, 170; Soldiers Place, 15, 16, 170
- —parks commission: creation of South Park, 576; and purchase of land for Delaware Park, 593; relations of, with FLO, 414
- Buffalo Express, 573
- Buffalo State Hospital for the Insane (Buffalo, N.Y.), 15, 17, 170, 577, 594
- Burns, Robert, 371, 415, 478, 527
- Bushnell, Horace, 168–69
- Cairo, Egypt, 125, 511, 533
- California, 171, 201; climate of, 313
- California, College of (Berkeley, Calif.), 8–9
- Cambridge, Mass.: Agassiz Museum, 524; Cambridge Observatory, 524
- Carew, Joseph Thomas, 597, 613
- Carlyle, Thomas, 49
- Central Park (N.Y.C.), 18, 21, 83, 131, 141, 186, 194, 312, 324, 336, 348, 499, 501; and artificial features in, 254; and boulevards, 271; boundaries of, 254, 275, 508; carriages used in, 144; and children in, 241–44; construction of, 205, 260, 267, 505–6, 508–9, 533; cost of, 193, 199, 210, 239, 240, 273, 505, 507, 508, 530; creation of, 324, 614; crime in, 198; criticism of, 500; effect of, on New York City, 197–98; effect of, on public health, 197; effect of, on real estate values, 194, 229; enclosures for, 252, 493, 496, 529; English sparrows on, 227, 237–38; extension of, to 110th Street, 168, 530; and exterior streets, 271, 272, 342–43; land acquired for, 159; map of, 325; mismanagement of, 4, 24; music in, 254; night use of, 218, 272, 280; nursery for, 267, 278; and other uses for, 531; and parkways, 105, 137; as possible site for World’s Fair, 331, 346, 531; prevention of misuse of, 300–304; purpose of, 25, 250–51, 258, 298–99; serving of refreshments on, 199, 244, 272; as site of Metropolitan Museum of Art, 277; as site of Paleontology Museum, 277; as site of zoological garden, 263–64, 274, 277, 278; suggested uses for, 248–50, 500–501; work still to be completed on, 272
- —architectural structures in, 256, 260, 262, 263, 265; ballplayers’ cottage, 261, 276; barn, 263; Belvedere, 108, 274, 326; Bethesda Terrace, 108, 276, 326; Casino (Refreshment House), 275; Children’s Cottage, 244, 245, 275; Children’s Shelter, 243, cottage, 270; Dairy, 24, 244, 246, 247, 274, 275; Deer House, 266, 278; Mineral Spring Pavilion, 261, 276; Mount St. Vincent convent buildings, 246, 266, 275, 278; New York State Arsenal, 104, 110, 263, 265, 276, 277, 531; Pergola, 326; Sheepfold, 24, 269, 270, 274, 279; stable, 263, 276
- —areas in: ballground, 496; Children’s District, 242, 246, 275; concert ground, 326; Cricket Ground, 92, 93, 108; East Meadow, 266, 278; Green (Sheep Meadow), 24, 108, 204, 266, 270, 276, 278, 326, 496; Kinderberg, 326; lawn, 245, 275; Mall, 46, 108, 269, 276, 496; meadows, 260; Northern Meadows, 266, 274, 276, 278; playground, 243, 266, 276, 278; Ramble, 7, 108, 326; Vista Rock, 92, 108, 205
- —bridges and arches, 25, 260, 262; Arch no. 23, 270, 279; Bow Bridge, 508, 533; Dalehead Arch, 276; Greywacke Arch, 261; Marble Arch, 93, 108
- —circulation system of, 262, 263; Bridle Road, 270; carriage concourse, 245, 275; drives, 108, 242, 247, 271, 276, 427, 496; East Drive, 436; rides, 496; separation of ways, 8, 259–60, 276; subways, 276; transverse roads, 8, 237; walks, 266–67, 271, 496; West Drive, 436
- —design of, 5, 7, 25, 246, 261, 265–66, 266, 274; Greensward plan, 256, 275; use of pastoral scenery in design of, 251–52, 253; use of picturesque scenery in design of, 252, 253
- —entrances of, 243, 496; Columbus Circle, 11; gates, 429; Inventor’s Gate, 307; Merchant’s Gate, 92, 108; Scholars’ Gate, 104, 110
- [629
]
- —keepers, 5, 19, 25–29, 283; appointment of, 294, 297; assignments of, 284; “beat system” for, 27, 281, 282; change in system for, 281; conduct of, 295–96; creation of, 307; daily routine of, 284–86, discipline of, 27; duties of, 27, 281, 286–87; extra, 281, 286; FLO’s organization of, 26; Harlem Beat of, 307; health of, 26, 296–97; leaves of absence of, 287; neglect of duty of, 296; patrol-keepers, 281, 286–87; post-keepers, 281, 288; purpose of, 28, 300–304; “round system” for, 27, 281, 282–84, 307; routes of, 282–84; rules of conduct for, 288–93; and temporary vacancies, 287–88; watch-boxes for, 289
- —landscape features of, 92–93, 242, 244, 251–53, 259, 265–66, 270, 326; plant materials, 22, 24, 267, 268; and thinning of trees, 278
- —maintenance of: clearing of undergrowth in, 268; grazing sheep on, 263
- —recreational features: ice skating on, 108; playing of team sports on, 184–85, 204, 241
- —site of, 92, 93, 192–93, 205, 251–52, 253, 270, 275, 326, 513
- —visitors to, 26, 196, 197, 245, 271, 300, 305–6, 326, 364, 464, 500, 513, 521
- —water features of, 94, 230; Lake, 108, 326; South Pond, 244, 275
- Charles II (king of England), 321
- Chesbrough, Ellis Sylvester, 511, 533
- Chicago, Ill., 14, 171, 191, 206, 511, 533; Chicago River, 216; climatic conditions of, 227; creates South Park Commission, 235; and Lake Michigan, 211, 530; North Park Commission of, 20, 237; parkways for, 526; police force in, 533; unemployment in, 201; movement for public parks in, 19–20; and Riverside (suburb), 526; and World’s Columbian Exposition, 595
- —parks and public spaces in, 209, 497–98, 506; Douglas Park, 20, 530; Garfield (Central) Park, 20, 530; Humboldt Park, 20, 530; Jackson Park, 20, 237, 530; Lincoln Park, 20, 221, 237, 330, 530, 613; parkways in, 314, 471, 521; Washington Park, 20, 237, 530; West parks, 20
- Christison, Robert: “Address on Public Health,” 202
- Cincinnati, Ohio: Spring Grove Cemetery, 329, 330
- —park commission, 597; hires Adolph Strauch as superintendent, 615; invites FLO to visit and advise, 58, 612; members of, 3, 57, 613; Ohio state legislature abolishes, 58, 612
- —parks and public spaces in, 607; Burnet Woods Park, 58; Eden Park, 58; FLO visits, 597
- Cities. See Towns
- Cleveland, Horace William Shaler, 23, 57
- Cleveland, Stephen Grover, 50, 504, 532
- Cleveland, Ohio: parkways in, 314
- Cobb, Samuel, 454
- Colfax, Schuyler, 19
- Collins, Patrick Andrew, 497, 498, 530
- Colorado, 600; “chain of parks,” 614
- Coney Island, N.Y., 110, 428
- Coolidge, Thomas Jefferson, 454
- Copeland, Robert Morris, 17
- Cornell, Alonzo, 571
- Cornell, Ezra, 50
- Crane, B. F., 275
- Crane, Edward, 526
- Cresson, John C., 330
- Crimmins, John D., 531
- Croton Aqueduct Department (N.Y.C.), 277
- Crystal Palace Park (Sydenham), 226
- Culyer, John Y., 113, 114, 143, 529, 530
- Dalton, Charles Henry, 40–41, 42, 454, 455
- Dana, Richard Henry, Jr., 530
- David, Ferdinand-Conan, 361, 412, 414
- Davis, Alexander Jackson, 107
- Davis, Joseph Phineas, 41, 42, 112, 142, 441, 442, 455, 457
- Dawson, Samuel C., 37
- De Amicis, Edmondo, 415; Holland, 371
- Decaisne, Joseph, 376–77, 415–16
- de La Salle, Robert, 574
- Delaware Park (Park, The) (Buffalo, N.Y.), 14–17, 41, 55, 56, 478, 525, 527, 530, 576, 581, 592; acquisition of land for, 170; approaches to, 165; boating on, 589–90; cost of, 505, 507, 590–91;
- [630
]
- Delaware Park (continued) cost of land for, 593; entrances to, 429; history of, 503–5, 577; and parkways, 526; purchase of additional twelve acres for, 436, 532, 593; purpose of, 580; waterside scenery of, 588
- —architectural structures in, 16; boat house, 21, 427, 436; cost of, 465; refectory, 15
- —areas in: children’s playground, 15; Lake, 15, 170; meadow, 61; picnic grove, 15, 427, 436, 586
- —site of, 15, 163, 577; and land for the Buffalo State Hospital for the Insane, 594; legislation changing boundaries of, 592–93; and Forest Lawn Cemetery, 593
- de Medici, Catherine, 342, 347
- Des Cars, A.: A Treatise on Pruning Forest and Ornamental Trees, 376
- Detroit, Belle Isle and Windsor Ferry Company, 426, 435
- Detroit, Mich.: City Council and pier and gallery for Belle Isle, 425–26; city government for, 421, 434; parks in, 506
- Detroit Evening News, 434; and criticism of pier and gallery for Belle Isle, 435
- Dijon, France, 352–53; boulevards in, 471
- Doogue, William, 527
- Dorsheimer, William Edward, 14, 46, 51, 158, 168, 535, 570, 571
- Downing, Andrew Jackson, 6, 75, 77–78; advocates public parks in the United States, 324, 336, 347–48; editor of the Horticulturist, 7, 8, 347
- Drake, Francis Samuel, 528; The Town of Roxbury, 480
- Dublin, Ireland, 173
- Dufferin, Lord (governor-general of Canada), 48, 331, 571
- Eckardt, Julius: Modern Russia, 202
- Eidlitz, Leopold, 168
- Eliot, Charles, 39, 44, 58, 612
- Eliot, Charles William, 44
- Ellet, Charles, Jr., 453
- Ellicott, Joseph, 16, 170
- Ellicott, Joseph P., 528
- Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 49, 350, 411, 477, 478, 480, 526, 528–29
- Emerson, Ruth, 529
- Emerson, William, 480, 528–29
- England: climate of, 313; rural tastes in, 173; seaside piers in, 217, 237
- English sparrows, 227, 237–38
- Europe, boulevards and avenues in, 314
- Evelyn, John, 347: advocates replanting of English parks, 335; Sylva, or a Discourse of Forest Trees, 347
- Everett, Edward, 26, 194, 205
- Fairmount Park (Philadelphia, Pa.), 236, 330, 429, 453, 478, 527, 530; construction of, 328; cost of, 505; pleasure boating on, 589, 595; as site for Centennial Exhibition, 330; site of, 327, 532
- Ferry, Dexter B., 434
- Fields, James T., 17, 60
- France: climate of, 313; parks and public spaces in, 314–15; seaside piers in, 217, 237
- Franklin, Benjamin, 46
- Franklin Park (Boston, Mass.), 41, 42, 43–46, 452, 456, 459, 471; children in, 484; construction of, 506–7; cost of, 505, 507–8; enclosures in, 448, 457, 493, 496; financing of, 46; and Forest Hills, 493; and Forest Hills Cemetery, 489, 491; history of park movement for, 496–97; importance of rural scenery in, 477–78; map of, 480–81; night use of, 45, 481; passages of natural scenery in, 45; picnicking in, 484; as place of education, 524–25; plan of, 482, 494–95, 482; purpose of, 477; refreshments served in, 486–87; view of Blue Hills from, 491
- —architectural structures in: commission offices, 489; Dairy, 45, 486; Ellicott House, 529; Playstead Overlook Shelter, 45, 487, 488; Refectory, 46, 486, 488; Refectory terrace, 491; Schoolmaster Hill shelter, 64; superintendent’s office, 484; terrace, 46; Valley Gate, 45
- —areas in: Abbotswood, 479, 484, 485, 492, 527; archery ranges, 484; athletic field, 46; ballground, 488; Country Park, 45, 45–46, 457, 480, 483–87, 490, 491, 493, 496; croquet grounds, 484; deer park, 46, 488, 496; Ellicottdale, 45, 480, 485, 486, 487, [631
] 528; Greeting, 45, 46, 480, 488, 490, 493, 496; Hagborne Hill, 480, 492, 527; Heathfield, 480, 484, 528; Juniper Hill, 484, 492; lawns, 484; Little Folks’ Fair, 46, 488, 490, 496; Long Crouch, 480, 528; Long Crouch Woods, 488, 496; Music Court, 46, 488, 490, 496; Nazingdale, 46, 480, 491, 492; Nursery, 489; Playstead, 45, 46, 480, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 493, 496; Playstead Overlook, 487–88; Promenade, 46, 488; Refectory Hill, 488; Resting Ground, 480, 528; Rock Hill, 479, 527; Rock Milton, 484, 492; Rock Morton, 480, 484, 492, 528; Sargent’s Field, 488, 496; Scarboro Hill, 484, 486, 492, 493, 527; Schoolmaster Hill, 45, 480, 484, 485, 492; Steading, 480, 489; tennis courts, 484, 488; Waittwood, 480, 484, 492, 528; Wilderness, 480, 484, 490, 491, 492, 493
- —boundaries of, 489; Canterbury Street, 489, 491; Forest Hills Street, 489; Seaver Street, 528; Sigourney Street, 489
- —circulation system of, 491; carriage concourse, 45, 488; drives, 486, 489, 492, 493, 496; Glen Road, 479, 482, 491, 527; Long Trail Road, 480; Pierrepont Road, 480, 528; rides, 493, 496; walks, 486, 493, 496
- —entrances, 45, 496; Williams Street, 486, 489
- —exterior streets: Blue Hill Avenue, 481; Boylston Street, 489; Forest Hills Street, 481
- —landscape features of, 484–85, 490–93; planting of border trees, 490; plant materials, 492; plantings, 490–91
- —recreational features: and playing of team sports, 487
- —site of, 473–74, 499; property purchased for, 527–28
- Gambrill, Charles D., 457
- Gardner, James Terry, 48, 51, 570, 572
- Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghorn, 478, 527
- George IV (king of England), 321
- Germany, streets in, 124
- Gibson, John, 204
- Gilbert, Grove Karl, 553, 573
- Gillespie Graham, James, 69, 76
- Glasgow, Scotland, 173
- Godwin, Parke, 25
- Goldsmith, Oliver, 172; “Deserted Village,” 202
- Graces, the, 191, 204
- Gray, Asa, 49
- Gray, William, Jr., 454
- Green, Andrew Haswell (1820–1903), 50, 280; and development of Manhattan streets, 12–13, 140, 145–46; as member of Niagara Reservation commission, 50–51; relations of, with FLO, 50–51
- Grundel, Hermann, 455
- Gzouski, C. S., 53
- Hagborne, Samuel, 528
- Hale, Edward Everett, 17, 204; Sybaris and Other Homes, 187, 204
- Hall, William Hammond, 30
- Hamburg, Germany, 173
- Hamerton, Philip Gilbert, 345, 349, 465; Etching & Etchers, 525–26
- Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 478
- Harrison, Jonathan Baxter, 50, 572
- Hartford, Conn., 57; Bushnell Park, 159, 168–69
- Hartwell and Richardson (architectural firm), 46
- Haughton, James, 17
- Haussmann, Baron Georges Eugène, 145, 348, 530–31
- Heath, Joseph, 528
- Heath, William, 528
- Hennepin, Father Louis, 574
- Henry VIII (king of England), 321
- Herbert, George, 367, 415
- Hildenbrand, Wilhelm, 453
- Hill, David B., 50
- Hill, John Boynton, 529
- Hilton, Henry, 275
- Hoffman, John T., 271, 279–80
- Holland, 55, 364, 487, 529
- Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 49, 175, 530; Elsie Venner: A Romance of Destiny, 202
- Hooker, Joseph, 49
- Horticulturist, 6, 7–8, 75
- Howe, Edward Willard, 445, 453, 456; “The Back Bay Park, Boston,” 456
- [632
]
- Hunt, Richard Morris, 440, 454
- Hyacinth, Socrates, 201
- Illinois Central Railroad, 226
- Irving, Washington, 173; Bracebridge Hall, 202
- Italy: climate of, 313
- Jackson Park (Chicago, Ill.), 21, 22, 23, 42, 56, 330. See also South Park (Chicago, Ill.), Lower Division
- Jenney, William Le Baron, 20
- Jensen, Jens, 23
- Jerusalem: and Mount of Olives, 334, 347
- Johnson, Samuel, 600, 613
- Kellogg, M. A., 278
- Kellum, John, 275
- Kelly’s Post Office London Directory, 176, 202–3
- Kimball, Francis Hatch, 417
- Kingsland, Ambrose C., 7–8, 75, 614
- Kirchner, Frank, 612
- Laird, John, 77
- Landscape design styles: gardenesque, 190, 256, 257, 276, 310, 465, 527; in England, 190; in France, 190; natural, 89, 256, 257, 276, 465; natural scenery, 5, 9, 22, 31, 256, 465; pastoral, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 22, 94, 108, 251–52, 311; picturesque, 7, 22, 24, 108, 189–90, 252, 310; sublime, 22, 211; subtropical, 22, 91, 108, 190, 204, 321, 329, 344, 387
- LeBrun, Napoleon, 453
- Leeds, Lewis, 203
- Lehigh Valley Railway Company, 583, 594
- Le Nôtre, André, 276, 334, 347, 352
- LeSage, Louis, 409, 417
- Litchfield, Edwin Clark, 107
- Liverpool, England, 75, 127; and acquisition of park property, 159; parks and public spaces in, 321, 602
- Locke, John, 107, 110
- London, England, 127, 128, 173, 176, 209, 258, 333, 511, 533; and acquisition of park property, 159; Christopher Wren’s plan for, 120; Great Fire of, 121, 122, 144, 180–81, 203; Metropolitan Police Force of, 533; plague in, 121, 144, 204; as site of International Exhibition, 7, 77, 226, 340, 349; suburbs of, 339; use of pneumatic tubes in, 203
- —parks and public spaces in, 30, 311, 318–21, 336, 580, 601, 602, 611; Hyde Park, 342, 347; Pall Mall, 234; Piccadily Circus, 238; Prince Albert Memorial, 321; Quadrant, 234, 238; St. James’s Park, 223, 228, 236, 237, 238
- —streets in, 12, 119, 121, 122, 124, 130, 144; Regent Street, 234
- Long Branch, N.J., 200, 205, 339, 348, 584, 594
- Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 49, 350, 411; “Evangeline,” 416
- Louisiana, 386
- Louisville, Ky., 16
- Louis XIV (king of France), 347
- Lowell, James Russell, 49, 350, 411, 477, 478
- Lowell Institute (Boston, Mass.), 17
- McAdam, John Loudon, 77
- McCagg, Ezra, 19, 20
- McGauvran, John W., 361, 412, 414
- McGibbon, William, 406, 418
- McLaughlin, Hugh, 107
- McLean Hospital (Belmont, Mass.), 519, 534
- McMillan, James, 37, 434
- McMillan, William, 504, 532, 596
- Maguire, Patrick, 44
- Manchester, England, 478; Dunham Massey Hall (and Park), 478–79, 527
- Manhattan Square (N.Y.C.): proposed as site for zoological garden, 264, 277
- Manning, Jacob, 613
- Manning, Warren Henry, 597, 613
- Marine Park (Boston, Mass.), 456
- Martin, Charles Cyril, 112, 113, 142
- Marxhausen, August, 434
- Mason, William, 350, 411
- Massachusetts, 172
- Massachusetts General Hospital Corporation, 519
- Meacham, George F., 532
- Memphis, Tenn., 511, 533
- Metropolitan Museum of Art (N.Y.C.), 277, 326, 501, 531
- Mexico: climate of, 313
- Michigan Central Railroad, 226
- [633
]
- Miller, Edward C., 114, 143
- Millet, Jean François, 478, 527
- Mills, Merrill I., 434
- Minneapolis, Minn., 57
- Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 352, 531–32; Côtes des Neiges reservoir in, 406; Hotel-Dieu Hospital, 404, 417; little reservoir in, 402; and Panic of 1873, 412, 413; public parks in, 498; street arrangements in, 402
- —City Council of, 33, 34; policy of, regarding Mount Royal, 354, 358–59; relations of, with Mount Royal park commissioners, 414; and reservoir for Mount Royal, 409, 418; and smallpox hospital on Mount Royal Park site, 386
- Montreal Evening Star, 358, 414
- Montreal Gazette, 358
- Moore, William A., 434
- Moran, William B., 434
- Morris, William, 350, 411
- Morton, Joseph, 528
- Morton family, 528
- Moses, Robert, 109
- Mould, Jacob Wrey, 278
- Mount Gibbs, Calif., 388, 416
- Mount Royal (Montreal, Quebec, Canada), 32–37, 473, 530; advantages of, 393–94, 397; boundaries of, 34, 399, 401–2, 412, 413; charms of natural scenery on, 37; construction of, 34, 358, 387, 405; cost of, 411; and Côtes des Neiges Cemetery, 385, 409, 412, 413; design for, 32, 353, 380–81; effects of economic depression on, 33; FLO’s initial observations of, 416; FLO’s two lectures about, 32, 35, 36, 354–55, 412, 413, 417; and Frothingham property, 412; and Hugh Allan property, 401–2, 417; and John Redpath property, 401, 417; and McGill College, 402; map of, 382–83; pastoral scenery for, 33, 385–86; plan for, 409, 399; police for, 392; public pressure regarding construction of, 358; purchase of property for, 34, 401–2, 412; purpose of, 363; regulation of activities on, 389–90; relation of, to Saint Jean Baptiste, 386; residential lots for, 34, 399; as site for small-pox hospital, 34, 342, 349, 501–2, 531–32; and Tompkins property, 418; value of, 365–66; visitors to, 391, 392; workforce for, 398
- —architectural structures in: administration buildings, 408; pavilion, 410; refectory, 34, 391, 408, 417; shelter, 408; sheltered seats, 410
- —areas in, 379; Brackenfell, 385, 389, 392, 396, 408, 410; Côte Placide, 386, 395, 400, 404; Crags, 382–84, 395, 401, 407, 417; Cragsfoot, 386; Glades, 385–86, 396, 409; Lac au Castors, 33–34; Piedmont, 386, 395, 404; promenade, 34, 409; reservoir, 33, 409, 412, 418; Underfell, 385, 386, 392, 395, 404, 408; Upperfell, 385, 386, 391–92, 396, 408
- —circulation system of, 403–4; approach road to top of the mountain, 32, 34, 358, 372–74, 394–96; bridle road, 359; carriage concourses, 408; drives, 33, 404–6, 419; separation of ways, 34; sidewalk, 33; stairs, 407; walks, 406–7
- —entrances, 33, 400, 402, 410; Bleury Street, 405, 412; Carleton Street, 405; Côtes des Neiges Road, 405; Drummond Street, 386, 405
- —exterior streets: Bleury Street, 34, 400, 402; Carleton Street, 402; Côtes des Neiges Road, 385; Drummond Street, 402; McGill Street, 402; McTavish Street, 402; Peel Street, 402; Pine Avenue, 34, 402, 408; Sherbrooke Street, 402; University Street, 34
- —landscape features of, 32, 369, 394–96; plant materials, 375–76, 377–78, 379–86, 387, 388, 391–92
- —park commission, 32, 34, 35, 36, 353, 355, 412; approve FLO’s plan for, 354; employ FLO for Mount Royal design, 356–57, 411–12; limits of power of, 361; relations of, with City Council, 32, 359, 361, 414; relations of, with FLO, 35–36, 370, 413, 414; unfixed policy of, 358–59; visit FLO in New York, 413
- —site of, 32, 365, 374–75, 378–79, 399, 411–12; use of, by invalids, 37, 394–95, 407
- Muddy River Sanitary Improvement (Boston-Brookline, Mass.), 451, 452, 459
- [634
]
- Napoleon III (emperor of France), 145, 316, 348, 499, 530–31
- Nash, John, 238, 347
- Nassau Water Works (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 97
- Nation, 49, 202
- National Association for the Promotion of Social Science: Transactions, 173, 202
- National Conference for Good City Government, 612
- Natural scenery, 5, 9, 22, 31, 256, 344–45, 365, 366, 368, 465, 476, 543; charm of, 31, 366, 374, 478, 546; imitation of, 89
- Nazing, England, 528
- Nelson, Admiral Horatio, 33, 34, 35, 361, 412, 417, 418
- Nelson, Swain, 20
- New American Cyclopædia, 29
- Newark, N.J., 203, 427; and public park for, 205
- New England, 175
- New Jersey: public parks in, 200
- New London, Conn., 427
- New Orleans, La., 533
- Newport, R.I., 584, 594
- New York (city), 14, 128, 131, 191, 230, 427, 501; acquisition of land for public parks in, 200; boulevards for, 271, 279, 280; Common Council of, 7–8; development of, 512; fire in, 180, 203; ice skating in, 108–9; and laying out of streets above 155th Street, 200, 329; movement for public parks in, 7–8, 75, 77–78, 192, 271, 324, 336, 602, 614; street railways in, 176; Tombs, the, 73, 77; Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth wards, 530; “Tweed Charter,” 273; Tweed Ring, 273; use of pneumatic tubes in, 203
- —parks and public spaces in, 16, 185, 279–80, 468, 497, 580, 611; Battery, the, 279, 339, 348; Bronx Park, 530; City Hall Park, 279; Claremont Park, 530; Crotona Park, 530; Madison Square, 279; Manhattan Square, 264; Morningside Park, 279; Mount Morris Square, 279; parkways, 13, 314; Pelham Bay Park, 530; Riverside Park, 279, 529; St. Mary’s Park, 530; Tompkins, Square, 279; Union Square, 279; Van Cortlandt Park, 530; Washington Square, 279
- New York Central Railroad, 594
- New York County Courthouse, 5, 248, 249, 275
- New-York Daily Tribune, 27, 175, 202, 500–501, 531
- New York Evening Post, 47
- New York Herald, 18, 26, 194, 198; criticizes Central Park, 531
- New-York Historical Society, 104, 110, 531
- New York State Survey, 48, 570
- New York Sun, 500, 531
- New-York Times, 201
- Niagara Falls, 46, 49, 331; as a mill site, 537
- Niagara Falls, N.Y. (village), 547; and canal, 575; history of, 570; museum for, 547, 572; Soldiers’ Monument, 561, 574
- Niagara Falls Association, 50
- Niagara Reservation (N.Y.), 46–53; boundaries of, 51, 556; carriage service for, 543, 548–51, 564–65, 572; creation of, 46, 50, 571–72; damage to original site of, 48–49, 570; “distinctive charms” of, 49; enclosures for, 559, 561; entrances to, 556, 561; ferry at, 574; funding for, 52–53; history of, 539–41; movement for creation of, 49, 539, 571; passages of natural scenery in, 535, 543, 546; removal of artificial features from, 535, 537, 541–42, 543, 557, 570; use of iron railing in, 574; plan of, 544–45; and Prospect Park, 540, 541, 555, 571; and Prospect Point, 571; regulations for, 568–69; unconscious influence of scenery, 47; visitors to, 536, 540, 547, 548, 552, 553, 554, 561, 568, 572, 573
- —architectural structures in: ferry house, 557; ferry landing, 557, 574; Goat Island shelters, 566; Inclined Railway, 556, 557, 558, 574; Lower Grove cottage, 557; Old French Landing, 560–61, 574; shelters, 53; superintendent’s office, 556, 561; visitor’s house, 556; wooden balcony at Hennepin’s View, 558; wooden staircase to Cave of the Winds, 566–67; Upper Grove shelters, 556
- —areas in: Cave of the Winds, 553, 566–67, 574; Grove, The, 540; Hennepin’s View, 554, 558; Lower Grove, 555, 556, 557–59; Prospect Point, 49, [635
] 574; Terrapin Rock, 564, 572; Upper Grove, 555, 556, 561, 572
- —bridges and arches: foot bridge to Sister Islands, 543; foot bridges, 563–64; Suspension Bridge, 557, 574
- —circulation system of: carriage drive, 53; concourses, 560–61; drives, 564–65; Riverway, 560, 561, 575; walks, 560, 565–66
- —falls and rapids, 540, 556, 562, 564; American Fall, 46, 49, 551, 553, 557, 558, 559, 564, 567, 574; American rapids, 48, 49, 570; Canadian Falls, 46, 548, 553, 557, 564, 568; Canadian rapids, 548, 572; Horseshoe Falls, 572; recession of, 553, 573; viewing of, 550, 551, 552, 553, 556, 557, 558, 561, 562, 563
- —Goat Island, 46, 47–48, 49, 53, 546, 556, 560, 561, 562, 574; admission fee to, 543, 572; carriage service for, 550–52, 565; concourses at Porter’s Bluff and Stedman’s Bluff, 549; drive on, 564–65, 569, 574; eating-house on, 546; landscape treatment of, 562; ownership of, 572; Porter’s Bluff, 548, 554, 562, 564, 566, 568, 573; sale of, 541; Stedman’s Bluff, 554, 558, 564, 567, 574; view of, 563; walks on, 565–66
- —islands: Bath Island, 49, 53, 563; Luna Island, 53, 545, 564, 567; Sister Islands, 53, 543, 562, 564, 572
- —landscape features of, 543–45, 559; plant materials, 48, 559, 561–62
- —reservation commission, 539; instructions of, to FLO and CV, 570–71; suggests building museum and library on, 572
- Niagara Reservation Carriage Service Company, 572
- Niagara River, 46, 552, 570, 574
- Niles, William Woodruff, 36, 37
- Norman, Henry, 50, 572
- North, Christopher, 154; Noctes Ambrosianae, 157
- Norton, Charles Eliot, 44, 49, 51; and efforts to create Niagara Reservation, 50, 571
- O’Brien, Hugh, 44, 45, 454, 480, 528
- Ogee curve, 445, 457
- Olmsted, Frederick Law (1822–1903): as advisor to Manhattan street commission, 145; campaigns for Niagara Reservation, 571; collaborates with CV on Niagara Reservation, 46; difficulties of designing Mount Royal, 412; dislike of design competitions, 455; ends partnership with CV, 32; as general secretary of U.S. Sanitary Commission, 19, 35; health of, 35, 62, 455; as landscape architect, 356; manages Mariposa Estate, 10, 144; moves to Brookline, Mass., 4, 35; publishes own writings, 4; and redesign of the New York State Capitol, 168, 457; relations of, with Andrew H. Green, 50–51; relations of, with CV, 51–52; resigns from Stanford University work, 614; and Staten Island farm, 6, 529
- —Central Park: campaigns against using as site for World’s Fair, 346; fired from Central Park work, 35; and keepers force, 307; as president of Central Park board, 26; resigns from Central Park work, 28, 614
- —landscape design projects: Ames family (North Easton, Mass.), 457; Back Bay Fens, 6, 23, 437, 442; Beardsley Park (Bridgeport, Conn.), 478, 527; Belle Isle (Detroit, Mich.), 4, 45, 419, 433–34; Boston park system, 16, 17, 40, 42, 457, 459; Buffalo park system, 14–17, 18, 55; Central Park (N.Y.C.), 8, 16, 18, 19, 51–52; Charlesbank (Boston, Mass.), 42, 45, 56; College of California (Berkeley, Calif.), 4, 8; Franklin Park (Boston, Mass.), 43–46; Hartford, Conn., 18, 57; Jackson Park (Chicago, Ill.), revised plan for, 20; John Crosby Brown estate (Orange Mountain, N.J.), 614; Lake Wauconda (Perry Park, Colo.), 614; Long Branch, N.J., 205; Louisville, Ky., park system, 16; Marine Park (Boston, Mass.), 595; Mclean Hospital (Belmont, Mass.), 519, 534; Minneapolis, Minn., park system, 57; Morningside Park (N.Y.C.), 16, 279; Mount Royal (Montreal, Quebec, Canada), 4, 351, 411; Muddy River Sanitary Improvement (Boston-Brookline, Mass.), 43, 459; Niagara Reservation (N.Y.), 46–53, [636
] 168; Parkside (Buffalo, N.Y.), 16–17, 32; Prospect Park (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 18; Riverside, Ill., 18, 19; Riverside Park (N.Y.C.), 16, 279, 529; Riverway (Boston, Mass.), 43; Rochester, N.Y., park system, 16, 57; San Francisco public pleasure grounds, 8; South Park (Chicago. Ill.), 18, 19–23, 23, 45, 54–57, 55, 56; South Park (Fall River, Mass.), 18; Springfield, Mass., 18; Stanford University (Palo Alto, Calif.), 614; Strawberry Creek (Berkeley, Calif.), 43; Tompkins Square (N.Y.C.), 16, 30, 280; Union Square (N.Y.C.), 16; Massachusetts Agricultural College, 4; U.S. Capitol grounds (Washington, D.C.), 32, 51, 416; Walnut Hill Park (New Britain, Conn.), 18; Wood Island Park (Boston, Mass.), 516, 534; World’s Columbian Exposition (Chicago, Ill.), 20, 42, 595; Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 9, 46–47
- —parks and public spaces: benefits of, 44, 197, 366–67; charms of natural scenery in, 546; collaboration of professionals in design of, 6, 598, 606; collaboration with architects in design of, 42, 437, 448; collaboration with engineers in design of, 437, 442–45, 450–52; cultivation of natural scenery in, 32; definition of, 30, 31, 151–52, 313, 335, 341; design principles for, 5, 403–4, 406; drives in, 88–89; duties of park commissions of, 606; elements of, 343, 514, 522–23; importance of broad expanses of turf in, 311; importance of natural scenery in, 477; importance of promenades in, 18; and influence of scenery, 107, 344–45; landscape effects in, 90–91; landscape styles in, 7, 30; limiting access to greensward in, 109; management of, 6; and parkways, 13, 191; and passages of scenery in, 21–22, 45; placement of, 161; playing of team sports in, 109; purpose of, 5–6, 10, 86–88, 152–53, 160, 363; requirements for laying out a road in, 372–74, 377; in semiarid regions, 8; separation of ways in, 8; and the unconscious influence of, 29, 47; use of the picturesque in design of, 189–90; use of the plaisance in, 218; use of the pastoral in design of, 14; value of, 514–17
- —social values and the idea of civilization: advantages of town life, 17; civic responsibility, 29, 107; “communitiveness,” 10; importance of education, 104; influence of women in townward movement, 174–75; lives of women in towns, 518–19; views on town planning, 12
- —travels: the American South, 4; California, 8, 9, 46–47, 50, 388, 416; Chicago, Ill., 19; China, 4; England, 4, 6, 30, 75, 148, 155–56, 173, 202, 349, 596; Europe, 4, 6, 30, 35, 336, 347, 348, 349, 356, 412, 441, 455; France, 352, 526; Gulf Coast, 22; Isthmus of Panama, 22, 108; Niagara Falls, N.Y., 46; seaside resorts, 427; Texas, 14, 148–51, 150, 155, 156; Yosemite Valley, 19
- —writings, 4; “A Brief History of the Rural Park of Buffalo, with Reference to its Management, Cost, and Value,” 532; A Consideration of the Justifying Value of a Public Park, 4, 5, 31–32; A Few Things to be Thought of before Proceeding to Plan Buildings for the National Agricultural Colleges, 4; on the American South, 107; Belle Isle: After One Year, 4, 37–40; Brooklyn park report (1866), 9–12, 10, 30; Brooklyn parkways report (1868), 12–14; Central Park keepers report (1873), 5, 25–29, 307; Central Park letters (1872), 24–25; Cincinnati park report, 5, 57–59; “The Future of New-York,” 12; “General Plan for the Improvement of the Niagara Reservation,” 4, 46–53; Governmental Preservation of Natural Scenery, 4–5; Mount Royal, Montreal, 4, 32–37; “Notes by Mr. Olmsted,” in Special Report of New York State Survey on the Preservation of the Scenery at Niagara Falls . . ., 48; Notes on the Plan of Franklin Park and Related Matters, 43–46, 57; Observations on the Treatment of Public Plantations, More Especially [637
] Relating to The Use of the Axe, 4; “Park” (1875), 7, 29, 29–30, 62, 204; The Park for Detroit, 4, 38, 420, 429, 434, 436; “The People’s Park at Birkenhead, near Liverpool,” 7–8; “Plan for a Public Park on the Flats South of Buffalo,” 54–57; Preliminary Report in Regard to a Plan of Public Pleasure Grounds for the City of San Francisco, 9; “Preliminary Report upon the Yosemite and Big Tree Grove,” 9, 19; “Public Parks and the Enlargement of Towns,” 17–19; “Report on the South Parkway Question,” 594; Report Upon a Projected Improvement of the Estate of the College of California, at Berkeley, near Oakland, 4; The Spoils of the Park, 4, 36, 59; Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England, 6, 155–56
- Olmsted, Frederick Law, Jr. (son) (1870–1957), 37
- Olmsted, John Charles (nephew, stepson) (1852–1920), 3, 52, 58, 413, 416, 434, 435, 527, 612
- Olmsted, John Hull (brother) (1825–1857), 6, 14, 148, 150, 155, 349
- Olmsted, Vaux & Company (1866–1872), 9, 417; and description of parkways, 3
- —landscape design projects, 3; Brooklyn, N.Y., parkways, 13, 137, 142; Buffalo, N.Y., park system, 14–17, 18, 55, 165, 167, 170, 526; Buffalo State Hospital for the Insane, 594; Central Park (N.Y.C.), 18, 24; Delaware Park (The Park) (Buffalo, N.Y.), 21, 41, 158, 592; Fairmount Park (Philadelphia, Pa.), 330; Jackson Park (Chicago, Ill.), 42; Manhattan street plans, 12–13; Parade, The (Buffalo, N.Y.), 143; Prospect Park (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 10, 16, 18, 80, 84–85, 112, 113, 143, 417; Riverside, Ill., 18, 236, 526; Seaside Park (Bridgeport, Conn.), 159–60, 169; South Park (Chicago, Ill.), 18, 19–23, 24, 55, 206, 235, 330, 526; Tompkins Square (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 30; Union Square (N.Y.C.), 279; Walnut Hill Park (New Britain, Conn.), 181, 203–4
- —writings: Brooklyn parkways report (1868), 12–14; “Preliminary Report for Prospect Park,” 115; Preliminary Report upon the Proposed Suburban Village at Riverside, Near Chicago, 236
- Olmsted and Vaux (landscape architects): as landscape architects to DPP board, 273; reappointment to DPP board, 240; relations of, with DPP board, 240, 273, 275; reports of, to DPP board, 275
- Ornithological Society (London), 228, 238
- Overland Monthly, 171, 201
- Palgrave, Francis Turner: Essays on Art, 258, 276
- Pall Mall Gazette, 389, 417
- Paris, France, 13, 128, 173, 209, 258, 333–34, 470, 525; and acquisition of park property, 159; boulevards and avenues in, 16, 314, 317, 471; improvements in, 145; as site for Universal Exhibition, 16; street system of, 117, 130, 342
- —parks and public spaces in, 30, 315, 336, 340, 521, 587, 601, 602; Champ de Mars, 221; Champs Elysées, 185, 186, 204; la Croisée de Paris, 144; Tour St. Jacques la Boucherie, 526
- Parkman, Francis, 49
- Parks and public spaces, 327, 331, 469–71; architectural structures in, 153, 262; artificial elements of, 515; botanical gardens in, 312; boundaries of, 311; commissions for, 334, 361; cost of, 166–67, 332, 497, 507; crime in, 218; definition of, 31, 148, 151–52, 218, 308, 313, 331, 335, 338–42, 476–77, 600; designs for, 312–13; drives in, 88–89, 108; duties of commissions of, 606; historical uses of, 308–9, 339–41, 467; and landscape architecture, 308; landscape qualities of, 83, 151–56, 189; management of, 6, 338; and parkways, 130; passages of scenery in, 5; pastoral scenery in, 14; plantations as principal element of, 514; promenades in, 189; purposes of, 5–6, 10, 83, 84–88, 152–53, 160, 207, 310; sites for, 80, 310–11, 342, 343, 364, 419–20, 464–66; therapeutic aspects of, 5, 10, 11, 366–67, 464, 475, 479, [638
] 522, 580, 603–4, 605; use of the plaisance in, 218; used by invalids, 520; value of, 332–33, 343, 514–17; visitors to, 5, 464, 518, 521. See also names of individual parks and public spaces
- —in Australia: in Melbourne, 513
- —in the British Isles, 149, 155, 308, 311, 336, 339, 580, 601; Acton Green (London), 320; Alexandra Park (London), 319; Arthur’s Seat (Edinburgh), 473, 526–27; Battersea Park (London), 204, 319; Birkenhead Park (Birkenhead), 30, 321, 322, 330, 348; in Birmingham, 321; in Bradford, 321; Bushy Park (London), 320; Camberwell (London), 319; in Chester, 321; Chiselhurst Common (London), 319; Clapham Common (London), 319; Crystal Palace (Sydenham), 226, 237, 319; in Derby, 321; Ealing Green (London), 320; Eaton Hall and Park, 71, 76; Epping Forest (London), 319, 320, 336, 347; Finsbury Park (London), 318; Greenlanes, the (London), 319; Green Park (London), 319; Greenwich Common (London), 319; Greenwich Park (London), 319; Hackney Downs (London), 319; Hainault Forest (London), 319, 320; in Halifax, 321; Hampstead Heath (London), 319; Hampton Court (park) (London), 320; Hayes Common (London), 319; in Hereford, 321; Hyde Park (London), 77, 190, 204, 209, 236, 319, 320, 321, 333, 340, 342, 349, 515, 530, 531; Kensington Gardens (London), 209, 236, 319, 320, 389; Kew Gardens (Kew), 320; in Leeds, 321; Lewisham Common (London), 319; in Liverpool, 365, 497, 513; in London, 365, 497; in Manchester, 321; and Parliament’s policies relating to, 339, 340; Peckham Rye (London), 319; Phoenix Park (Dublin), 30, 62, 153, 322; Primrose Hill (London), 319; Regent’s Park (London), 319, 321, 348; Richmond Park (London), 31, 206, 235, 319; Rotten Row (Hyde Park) (London), 320; in Salisbury, 322; Sefton Park (Liverpool), 321; Shepherd’s Bush (London), 319; Southwark Park (London), 319; St. James’s Park (London), 206, 222, 228, 236, 237, 238, 319, 321, 336, 347, 348, 487; Tooting Beck Common (London), 319; Tooting Graveney Common (London), 319; Victoria Park, 318, 319, 321; Wandsworth Common (London), 319; Wimbledon Common (London), 319; in Winchester, 322; Windsor Great Park, 31, 38, 309, 320, 339, 348; Woolwich Common (London), 319; Wormwood Scrubs (London), 320
- —in Canada: in Montreal, Quebec, 324
- —in Europe: 218, 310, 311, 341, 497, 580, 601; in Antwerp, 323; Avenue de Bois de Boulogne (Paris), 521; Avenue de I’Imperatrice (Paris), 13, 134, 135, 145, 317; in Baden, 323; in Belgium, 336; in Berlin, 340; Bois de Boulogne, 209, 236, 311, 315, 316, 317, 318, 322, 330, 333, 348, 349, 499, 521, 530–31; Bois de Vincennes (Paris), 311, 315, 316, 318, 349; in Brunswick, 323; in Brussels, 497; Cascine (Florence), 323–24, 349; in Cassel, 323; Champ de Mars (Paris), 221, 237; Champs Elysées (Paris), 185, 186, 204, 317, 521; Chantilly, 315; Charlottenburg (Prussia), 323; in Cologne, 323; Compiègne, 315; in Copenhagen, 323; in Darmstadt, 323; in Dijon, 334; Djurgården (Stockholm), 323, 349, 589; in Dresden, 323; in Dusseldorf, 323; Dyrhave (Copenhagen), 323; Englisher Garten (Munich), 62, 322–23, 340, 349; in Florence, 340; Fontainebleau, 206, 235, 315, 316, 317, 432, 436, 525; in Frankfort, 322; in Genoa, 365; in Germany, 323, 336; in Gotha, 323; Haga Park (Stockholm), 216, 236; in the Hague, 323; in Hamburg, 323; in Hanover, 323; Heiligensee (Prussia), 323; in Italy, 336; Jardin des Tuileries (Paris), 333, 347; Katharinenhof gardens (St. Petersburg), 323; in Leipsic, 322; Lido [639
] (Venice), 216, 236; Marly, 315; in Milan, 365; in Munich, 340; in Naples, 324; Parc de la Colombière (Dijon), 347, 352, 411; Parc de Monceau (Paris), 204, 206, 236; in Paris, 340, 365, 497, 513; Pincian Hill (Rome), 324; in Prague, 323; Prater (Vienna), 322; Rambouillet, 315; Riviera di Chiaja (Naples), 324; in Rome, 324; St. Cloud (Paris), 315; St. Germain (Paris), 315; Sans Souci (Prussia), 323; in Schwetzingen, 323; in Stockholm, 323, 340; in St. Petersburg, 323, 376; in Stuttgart, 323; in Teplitz (Teplice), 323, 330; Thiergarten (Berlin), 136, 323, 349; Tour St. Jacques la Boucherie (Paris), 470, 526; Tsarskoye Selo (St. Petersburg), 323, 415; Unter den Linden (Berlin), 13, 134, 135, 136, 145, 521; Versailles, 258, 276, 313, 315; in Vienna, 322; in Warsaw, 323; in Weimar, 323; in Worlitz, 323
- —in the United States, 311, 313, 314, 327, 341, 497, 580, 601; in Albany, N.Y., 324, 498; in Baltimore, Md., 324; Beardsley Park (Bridgeport, Conn.), 478, 530; in Bridgeport, Conn., 498; in Brooklyn, N.Y., 324; Buena Vista Park (San Francisco, Calif.), 8; in Buffalo, N.Y., 324, 328, 513; Burnett Wood (Cincinnati, Ohio), 329; Bushnell Park (Hartford, Conn.), 159, 168–69; Central (Garfield) Park (Chicago, Ill.), 20; in Chicago, Ill., 324, 328, 513; in Cincinnati, Ohio, 324, 329; Douglas Park (Chicago, Ill.), 20; Druid Hill Park (Baltimore, Md.), 328; East Rock Park (New Haven, Conn.), 473, 526, 530; Eden Park (Cincinnati, Ohio), 329; Fairmount Park (Philadelphia, Pa.), 62, 327–28; Golden Gate Park (San Francisco, Calif.), 30, 329; Humboldt Park (Chicago, Ill.), 20; Lincoln Park (Chicago, Ill.), 20; in New Haven, Conn., 498; in New York City, 324; in Philadelphia, Pa., 324, 513; in Providence, R.I., 324; in San Francisco, Calif., 324, 513; in St. Louis, Mo., 324, 328, 513; Seaside Park (Bridgeport, Conn.), 159–60, 169; Tower Grove Park (St. Louis, Mo.), 328; Walnut Hill Park (New Britain, Conn.), 181, 203–4; Washington Park (Albany, N.Y.), 530
- Parkways, 3, 13, 18, 134–40, 145, 165–67, 191, 313, 471, 521; and neighborhood residences, 138–40; and separation of ways, 13
- Paxton, Sir Joseph, 7, 61, 77, 321, 330, 336, 348; designs Birkenhead Park, 71–73
- Peel, Sir Robert, 511, 533
- Pepys, Samuel, 333, 347
- Philadelphia, Pa., 230; Centennial Exhibition in, 16; public spaces in, 497; streets in, 124; Wire Bridge over Schuylkill River, 439, 440, 453; Wissahickon Valley and Creek in, 210, 236, 330
- Picton, W. J., 361, 414
- Pierpont, John, 528
- Pierpont, Robert, 528
- Piers: at seaside resorts, 236–37
- Plymouth, Mass., 183–84, 204
- Pollard, Frank, 278
- Porter, Albert H., 572
- Porter, Augustus, 570, 572
- Porter, Peter B., 570
- Portland, Me., 427
- Portsmouth, N.H., 427
- Portugal, 186
- Post, George B., 453
- Potter, Howard, 205
- Price, Uvedale, 262, 276
- Prospect Park (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 9–12, 30, 41, 141, 186, 417, 478, 487, 513, 527, 530; acquisition of land for, 107, 159; approaches to, 114; Brooklyn Sunday-school Union parade held in, 485–86; carriages used in, 144; children in, 485–86; construction of, 113–14, 506; cost of, 505, 507, 508; design for, 91; effect of, on property values, 133, 229; English sparrows in, 227; exterior streets of, 102–3; gardeners for, 114, 143; keepers for, 114, 143; law regarding taxation for, 534; and May Festival, 429; map of, 327; picnicking in, 485; plan of, 84–85, 109, 143; playing of team sports in, 96; and Quaker (Friends’) Cemetery, 109; recreational features of, 112, [640
] 188; and suburban connections, 105–6; use of pastoral scenery in design of, 10, 11, 94; visitors to, 11, 114, 143, 521, 529; Willink Estate, 101
- —architectural structures in: arcade-terrace-restaurant complex, 95, 109; Breeze Hill carriage concourse, 109; carriage concourses, 11, 108, 112, 142; Litchfield Mansion, 12, 109; Lookout Tower, 95; music concourse, 101; Overlook terrace, 108; refectory, 11, 15, 99, 100; terraces, 11; Thatched Shelter, 143
- —areas in: Breeze Hill, 142; Briar Hill, 112; “children’s ground,” 12, 15, 143; Concert Grove, 109, 142; croquet grounds, 112; deer paddock, 109, 112; Deer Park, 97, 100, 101; Friend’s Hill, 97, 99; Long Meadow (Green), 9, 10, 61, 91, 96, 99, 100, 107, 109, 142, 143, 485; Lookout Hill, 94–95, 99, 100, 101, 109; maze, 112; music grove, 11; music island, 21, 95, 99; Neathermead, 97; playground, 113, 143; promenade, 11; zoological garden, 96–97, 101, 103, 109
- —boundaries of, 9–10, 80, 81, 101–2, 106–7, 112, 168; Coney Island Road, 99, 101, 102, 103; 15th Street, 100, 102; Flatbush Avenue, 9, 12, 81, 88, 100, 108, 143; Franklin Avenue, 99, 101, 102; Ninth Avenue, 99, 100, 100–101, 102, 107; plan for, 82; 16th Street, 101; Vanderbilt Avenue, 102
- —bridges and arches, 113; East Wood Arch, 110, 143; Endale Arch, 110, 143; Meadowport Arch, 110; Terrace Bridge, 142
- —circulation system of, 11; drives, 98–100, 109, 114; rides, 100; walks, 95, 100
- —entrances, 100–101, 102–3, 143; 15th Street, 103; Flatbush Avenue, 103, 110; Franklin Avenue, 103; gates, 429; Grand Army Plaza, 106, 110, 114–15; Ninth Avenue, 103, 110; 16th Street, 103; Willink Entrance, 103, 110, 143
- —landscape features of, 90–92, 112; plant materials, 91, 96, 97
- —parkways, 3, 12, 105–6, 114–15, 141; to Coney Island, 137; Eastern Parkway, 142; to Fort Hamilton, 137; and neighborhood residences, 138–40; Ocean Parkway, 110, 142; plan for, 137; to Ravenswood, 137
- —site of, 9, 80, 81, 83, 90–91, 91–92, 102, 115, 311, 327; purchase of property for, 532
- —water features, 94, 97; boat pond (Vale of Cashmere), 12, 143; Prospect Lake, 9, 11, 93, 95, 99, 100, 106, 142; pond, 112
- Providence, R. I., 427, and Cove basin, 443, 456
- Prussia, 173
- Psalm, Twenty-third, 11, 108, 371
- Queen Victoria Niagara Falls Park (Canadian Reservation), 53, 537, 551, 555, 561, 573; creation of, 570; military road on, 551, 573; view of falls from, 552; view of, from Niagara Reservation, 557
- Radford, George Kent, 17, 32, 51
- Rauch, John, 20
- Ravenswood (Queens County, N.Y.), 111; proposed parkway to, 105
- Recreation, 186, 187, 189
- Redpath, John, 417
- Remington, John R., 77
- Richardson, Henry Hobson (1838–1886), 6, 39, 42–43, 46, 168, 448, 450, 457, 458; relations of, with FLO, 457
- Riverside, Ill., 19, 20
- Robb, James Hampden, 571
- Robertson, James Hunter, 74; The Present Sanatory Condition of Birkenhead, 77
- Robinson, Lucius, 48, 571
- Robinson, William (1838–1935), 48, 49, 257, 330, 388; relations of, with FLO, 416
- —writings: Alpine Flowers for English Gardens, 388, 417; God’s Acre Beautiful; or, The Cemeteries of the Future, 615; Parks, Promenades, and Gardens of Paris, 318; The Wild Garden, 276, 388, 417
- Rochester, N. Y, 16, 57, 584; resorts at, 595
- Roebling, John A., 453
- Roebling, Washington A., 453
- Rome: building laws of, 145, 178, 203; resorts [641
] in, 334; streets in, 12; villas of, 139, 347
- Rosa, Salvator, 432, 436
- Rotch and Tilden (architects), 529
- Roxbury, Mass., 528; flooding in, 456
- Royal Society (London), 347
- Rumsey, Henry W., 236
- Ruskin, John (1819–1900), 31, 49, 262, 276, 345, 349, 351, 381, 411, 416, 477, 478, 522, 534
- —writings: Modem Painters, 349; The Seven Lamps of Architecture, 524, 534
- Russia, 173
- Ryan, Columbus, 279
- St. Petersburg, Russia: streets in, 124
- Salway, William, 615
- San Francisco, Calif., 8, 9, 14, 191, 201
- Scarborough family, 527
- Scenery: public appreciation of, 31; tropical, 213
- Schwarzmann, Herman J., 330
- Sckell, Friedrich Ludwig, 349
- Scott, Sir Walter, 371; Woodstock, 340, 349
- Scoville, Jonathan, 532
- Seaver, Ebenezer, 528
- Shairp, John Campbell, 367, 414, 527; On Poetic Interpretation of Nature, 367, 414, 478
- Shakespeare, William, 350, 411; The Merry Wives of Windsor, 339, 348
- Shenstone, William, 262, 276
- Simonds, O. C., 23
- Slade, James, 532
- Smith, Sydney, 257, 276
- Smyth, C. Piazzi: Three Cities in Russia, 415
- South Park (Buffalo, N.Y.), 3, 54–57; boating on, 589, 590; and Cazenovia Creek, 585, 595; compared to Delaware Park, 592; construction of, 584–85; cost of, 591; design map of, 578–79, 582–83; footbridge, 586; and Hamburg Turnpike, 584, 594; and ice skating in winter, 588–89; and Lake Erie, 56, 584; plan for, 55, 56; propagating birds on, 21, 586, 595; use of, 583; use of, for children, 586; water features of, 586
- —approaches to, 589; by water, 55, 594
- —architectural structures in: boat landing, 586; Crocker Mansion, 584, 594; pier, 584; public horse-sheds, 584; refectory, 586; sheltered pool, 56
- —areas in: athletic ground, 56, 583, 584; Rifle range, 56, 588–89, 591; Green, 583, 584; Gymnasium, 583; islands, 585, 586, 590; lake beach, 584
- —landscape features of, 585–86
- —site of, 55, 581–82, 582–83, 594; FLO visits, 592; value of, 591
- South Park (Chicago, Ill.), 19–23; advantages of plan for, 230–31; approaches to, 221, 222, 230, 233; bridges and arches, 226; and Chicago River, 225; construction of, 212, 230, 232, 233; design for, 22, 209; effect of, on real estate values, 228–29; entrances to, 234; gates and fences for, 226; exterior streets, 234; and Hyde Park Avenue, 225; military reviews on, 217; night use of, 21, 223, 226, 586; passages of scenery in, 22; plan of, 214, 215, 220, 235; playing of team sports on, 217; propagating animals on, 228; propagating birds on, 227–28; regulations of use on, 218; relation of, to Lake Michigan, 21, 22, 209, 212, 213, 213, 216, 225, 226, 228, 230; site of, 20, 21–22, 206, 207, 208, 210, 211, 235; visitors to, 216
- —circulation system of, 21, 225, 230, 231–32; drives, 219–21; rides, 221; walks, 221
- —landscape features of, 211, 213–17, 221–24, 226–27; plant materials, 21, 22–23, 224
- —Lower Division (later named Jackson Park), 212, 213, 216, 235; Belvedere, 20, 226, 231; Belvedere lawn, 226, 231; boat landing, 20; concourse, 20, 226, 231; islands, 21, 227; Kiosk, 227; Lagoon, 20, 21, 22, 42, 216, 217, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230, 231, 232; Lagoon Plaisance, 219, 226; Lagoon Terrace, 227; Lakeopen Green, 21, 226; Lakeopen Ground, 21, 219, 225; music island, 227; Park Haven, 226; Park Haven Green, 21, 226; Park Haven pier, 21, 217, 231; Park Haven Quay, 227; Picnic woods, 20, 227; Pier, 225, 226, 227; Promenade Concert Ground, 21, 226; terrace, 226
- —Middle Division, 20, 216, 219, 229, 230; Midway Plaisance, 20, 21, 22, [642
] 23, 219, 224, 225, 230, 235; Midway Basins, 224, 228, 230, 231, 232; Midway Place, 225
- —parkways: Parkway Quadrant, 234; Pavilion Parkway, 222, 237, 526; Southgrove Parkway, 222, 233, 234, 237, 526; Southopen Parkway, 221–22, 233–34, 237, 526
- —Upper Division (later named Washington Park), 211, 212, 216, 219, 229, 230, 235, 526; apartments, 223; carriage concourse, 222; deer paddock, 20, 224; Farmstead Close, 20, 224; flower garden, 224; Glade, 232; island, 222; mall, 20, 223, 224; Mere, 224, 228, 230, 232; Pavilion, 20, 222, 223; pool, 222, 232; Ramble, 20, 224, 232; Southopen Green, 20, 21, 22, 221, 231, 232; Southopen Ground, 21, 219, 221, 222, 224, 226, 231, 232, 233; Upper Plaisance, 219, 223, 224, 228, 230, 232
- Spain, 186
- Spencer, Herbert: Essays: Moral, Political and Æsthetic, 152, 156
- Springfield Republican, 172, 201
- Spring Grove Cemetery (Cincinnati, Ohio), 608, 609–10, 611, 614–15
- Statue of Liberty, 453–54
- Stebbins, Henry George, 28, 239, 273; restored as president of park board, 240
- Stedman, John, 574
- Stetson and Radford, 275
- Stettin, Germany, 173
- Stirling, John, 435
- Stone, Charles Pomeroy, 440, 453–54
- Stranahan, James Samuel Thomas, 106, 142, 229, 238
- Strauch, Adolph (1822–1883), 58, 330, 607–9, 611, 614–15; creates “lawn system,” 615; and unhappiness with Cincinnati park board, 616
- Streets: arrangement of, 12–13, 143–44; asphalt paving of, 176, 203; history of design of, 117–19, 121–23, 123–24; “red cross,” 204; and sidewalks, 182; system of, in U.S. cities, 116; and trees, 183
- Sturgis, Edward, 612, 613
- Stuttgart, Germany, 173
- Sweeny, Peter B., 273, 274
- Symonds, John Addington, 367, 415
- Syracuse, N.Y.: parkways in, 314
- Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe, 310, 329, 345, 349
- Temple, F. L., 458–59
- Tennyson, Alfred, 371
- Thompson, Benjamin (Count von Rumford), 323, 340, 349
- Thompson, William Gillon, 434
- Thorough drainage, 73, 238
- Tiemann, Daniel Fawcett, 205
- Tilden, Samuel, 51
- Tompkins Square (Brooklyn, N.Y.), 30; as site for parade ground, 271, 279–80
- Towns: advantages of, 176, 177–78; development of parkways for, 314; changing designs of, 236; ill effects of, 5, 17–18, 31, 125, 179–80, 236, 366, 474, 533, 602, 605; enlargement of, 31, 125–26, 126–27, 469, 602; future construction of, 12; heating of dwellings in, 177; importance of recreation in, 184, 185, 186, 475; importance of rural scenery in, 499; importance of trees in, 182–83; movement from country to, 174; overcrowding in, 17–18; parks and public spaces in, 83, 189–90, 218, 469; purposes of, 117, 122, 342; separation of business and domestic life in, 128; sidewalks in, 182; street arrangements in, 122, 123, 127, 128, 130; and suburban neighborhoods, 129, 178; use of pneumatic tubes in, 177; walled, 117–18, 183, 467
- Trollope, Anthony, 184, 204
- Turner, Joseph Mallord William, 310, 329, 432, 436
- Turnvereine, 223, 237
- Tweed Ring (N.Y.C.), 19, 24
- Ulrich, Rudolph, 143
- Union Pacific Railroad, 116, 143
- U.S. Geological Survey, 553
- Vaux, Calvert (1824–1895), 8, 9, 16, 32, 50, 53, 54, 275, 417; advises Manhattan street commission, 145; advises Prospect Park commission, 106; designs Central Park Belvedere, 108; designs Central Park Dairy, 275; designs [643
] iron railing used at Niagara, 574; designs Metropolitan Museum of Art, 531; designs Prospect Park arches, 110; opposes use of Central Park as site for World’s Fair, 346; plan of, for Prospect Park, 82, 108
- —landscape design projects: Central Park (N.Y.C.), 51–52; Niagara Reservation (N.Y.), 46–53
- —writings: Brooklyn park report (1866), 79; Brooklyn parkways report (1868), 112; Buffalo park report, 158; Central Park letters, 239; “General Plan for the Improvement of the Niagara Reservation,” 535; “Report Accompanying Plan for Laying out the South Park,” 206; “Preliminary Report on Boundaries,” 143, 532
- Vaux, Downing, 53
- Vaux, Withers & Company, 417
- Vaux & Radford, 51
- Vaux & Withers, 417
- Viele, Egbert L., 532
- Vienna, Austria, 258
- Villard, Henry, 17
- Waitt, Benjamin, 528
- Waitt, Samuel, 528
- Waitt family, 528
- Wales, 173
- Warder, Reuben Haines, 58, 597, 612, 613
- Washington, D.C., 37; parkways in, 314
- Washington Park (Chicago, Ill.), 21, 22, 23. See also South Park (Chicago, Ill.), Lower Division
- Weidenmann, Jacob, 168
- Welch, Thomas Vincent, 545, 572, 573, 574
- Wheeler, Nathaniel, 169
- Whittemore, Frederick W., 307
- Whittier, James, 49
- Wilder, Marshall Pinckney, 497, 498, 505, 529–30
- Wilson, Joseph M., 453
- Windsor Line ferry, 39
- Wisedell, Thomas, 32, 34, 391, 417
- Withers, Frederick C., 417
- Withers, Robert, 417
- Woodward, Robert, 573
- Wordsworth, Dorothy, 366, 414, 478
- Wordsworth, William, 350, 366, 367, 368, 411, 414, 478, 534
- World’s Columbian Exposition (Chicago, Ill.), 20, 23, 42, 613; and electric launches, 595
- Wren, Christopher, 121, 124; and plan for London, 144, 180–81, 203
- Yeats, John: “On Human Growth in Towns,” 202
- Yosemite Valley, 19, 46–47
- Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 5; grant of, 9, 614